sdm

See also: sDm, and sḏm

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛdɛm/
  • Conventional anglicization: sedem

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to put makeup on (a part of the body, particularly the eyelids) [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. (transitive) to apply medicinal salves to (a part of the body, particularly the eyelids) [Medical papyri]
3. (intransitive) to apply medicinal salves [Medical papyri]

Inflection

Conjugation of sdm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sdm, geminated stem: sdmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sdm	sdmw, sdm	sdmt	sdm	sdm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sdm	ḥr sdm	m sdm	r sdm

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sdm.n	sdmw, sdm	consecutive	sdm.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sdmt
perfective3	sdm	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sdm.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sdm	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sdm	sdmm	potentialis1	sdm.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sdm	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sdm.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sdm	active + .tj1, .tw2	sdm	sdm, sdmw5, sdmy5
imperfective	sdm, sdmy, sdmw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sdm, sdmj6, sdmy6	sdm, sdmw5
prospective	sdm, sdmtj7	—	sdmtj4, sdmt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sdm  

sdm	sḏm	smtj	sdm
[Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

• msdmt

Noun

 m

1. (uncommon) makeup, especially for the eyelids; eyepaint [since the Old Kingdom]

Inflection

Declension of sdm (masculine)

singular	sdm
dual	sdmwj
plural	sdmw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sdm  

sdm	sdm	sdmw	sdm	sdmw	smtj
[Old Kingdom]	[18th Dynasty]	[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Descendants

• Demotic: stem, stm
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲥⲑⲏⲙ (esthēm)
    • → Arabic: إثمد (ʾiṯmid)
      • → Latin: antimonium
        • → English: antimony
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲧⲏⲙ (stēm)
  • → Ancient Greek: στίμμι (stímmi), στίβι (stíbi)
    • → Latin: stibium
      • → English: stibium, stibnite

References

• “sdm (lemma ID 149830)” and “sdm (lemma ID 149840)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 370.3–370.10
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 257
• Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 166

Indonesian

Etymology

Lowercase spelling and dot absence follow English tbsp.

Noun

sdm

1. Abbreviation of sendok makan (“tbsp, tablespoon”).