sꜥḥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɑːh/
  • Conventional anglicization: sah

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to ennoble, to distinguish
2. (transitive) to wrap (the image of a god) in bandages
3. (transitive) to mummify
4. (intransitive, usually as part of a causative after rḏj) to be(come) distinguished or noble

Inflection

Conjugation of sꜥḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sꜥḥ, geminated stem: sꜥḥḥ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural sꜥḥ sꜥḥw, sꜥḥ sꜥḥt sꜥḥ sꜥḥ ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 sꜥḥ ḥr sꜥḥ m sꜥḥ r sꜥḥ suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect sꜥḥ.n sꜥḥw, sꜥḥ consecutive sꜥḥ.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative sꜥḥt perfective3 sꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 sꜥḥ.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective sꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 sꜥḥ sꜥḥḥ potentialis1 sꜥḥ.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive sꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect sꜥḥ.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective sꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 sꜥḥ sꜥḥ, sꜥḥw5, sꜥḥy5 imperfective sꜥḥ, sꜥḥy, sꜥḥw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 sꜥḥ, sꜥḥj6, sꜥḥy6 sꜥḥ, sꜥḥw5 prospective sꜥḥ, sꜥḥtj7 — sꜥḥtj4, sꜥḥt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sꜥḥ  

sꜥḥ

Noun

 m

1. distinction, rank, dignity

Inflection

Declension of sꜥḥ (masculine)

singular	sꜥḥ
dual	sꜥḥwj
plural	sꜥḥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sꜥḥ  

sꜥḥ

Noun

 m

1. dignitary, privileged or distinguished person
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 7–8:

     sꜥḥ ꜣḫ ḫnt sꜥḥw wꜣḥ jꜣwt smn ḥqꜣt sḫm nfr n(j) psḏt jmꜣ ḥr mrr mꜣ n.f rdj snḏ.f m tꜣw nb(w) n mr(w)t dm.sn rn.f r ḥꜣt […]

     Effective dignitary, foremost of dignitaries, enduring of office, established of reign, the fair power of the Ennead, gracious of face, the sight of whom is beloved, the awe of whom is set in all lands in order that they pronounce his name first, […]

Inflection

Declension of sꜥḥ (masculine)

singular	sꜥḥ
dual	sꜥḥwj
plural	sꜥḥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sꜥḥ  

sꜥḥ

Noun

 m

1. mummy

Inflection

Declension of sꜥḥ (masculine)

singular	sꜥḥ
dual	sꜥḥwj
plural	sꜥḥw

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 49.3–50.2, 50.8–52.15
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 214–215
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 362.