sꜣj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːʀit/ → /ˈsiːʀiʔ/ → /ˈsiːʔa/ → /ˈsiːʔə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːʀit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːʀiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːʔa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːʔə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɑi/
  • Conventional anglicization: sai

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) sated

Inflection

Conjugation of sꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: sꜣ, geminated stem: sꜣꜣ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural sꜣt, sꜣj sꜣw, sꜣ sꜣt, sꜣwt, sꜣyt sꜣ sꜣ, sꜣy ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 sꜣ8, sꜣꜣ8 ḥr sꜣt, ḥr sꜣj m sꜣt, m sꜣj r sꜣt, r sꜣj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect sꜣ.n consecutive sꜣ.jn terminative sꜣt, sꜣyt perfective3 sꜣ obligative1 sꜣ.ḫr imperfective sꜣ, sꜣy prospective3 sꜣw, sꜣ, sꜣy potentialis1 sꜣ.kꜣ subjunctive sꜣ, sꜣy verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect sꜣ.n — — perfective sꜣw1, sꜣy, sꜣ sꜣ sꜣy, sꜣ imperfective sꜣꜣ, sꜣꜣy, sꜣꜣw5 sꜣꜣ, sꜣꜣj6, sꜣꜣy6 sꜣꜣ, sꜣꜣw5 prospective sꜣw1, sꜣy, sꜣ, sꜣtj7 sꜣwtj1 4, sꜣtj4, sꜣt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

In Old Egyptian this verb was non-geminating:

Conjugation of sꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: sꜣ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural sꜣt, sꜣj sꜣw, sꜣ sꜣt, sꜣwt, sꜣyt sꜣ sꜣ, sꜣy ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 sꜣ8 ḥr sꜣt, ḥr sꜣj m sꜣt, m sꜣj r sꜣt, r sꜣj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect sꜣ.n consecutive sꜣ.jn terminative sꜣt, sꜣyt perfective3 sꜣ obligative1 sꜣ.ḫr imperfective sꜣ, sꜣy prospective3 sꜣw, sꜣ, sꜣy potentialis1 sꜣ.kꜣ subjunctive sꜣ, sꜣy verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect sꜣ.n — — perfective sꜣw1, sꜣy, sꜣ sꜣ sꜣy, sꜣ imperfective sꜣ, sꜣy, sꜣw5 sꜣ, sꜣj6, sꜣy6 sꜣ, sꜣw5 prospective sꜣw1, sꜣy, sꜣ, sꜣtj7 sꜣwtj1 4, sꜣtj4, sꜣt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

• ssꜣj

Descendants

• Demotic: sy
  • Coptic: ⲥⲓ (si)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 254.
• Allen, James Peter (1984) The Inflection of the Verb in the Pyramid Texts, Malibu, California: Undena Publications, →ISBN, § 738, page 573