rayon

See also: Rayon

English

Etymology 1

Name chosen by the National Retail Dry Goods Association of America, probably from French rayon (“beam of light, ray”) and so called because it is shiny; however, the Oxford English Dictionary states that it is apparently a blend of ray +‎ cotton.

Pronunciation

• enPR: rāʹŏn, IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪɒn/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪɒn

Noun

rayon (countable and uncountable, plural rayons)

1. A manufactured regenerated cellulosic fiber.

   Synonyms: cactus silk, sabra silk, viscose

Translations

cellulosic fiber

• Bulgarian: изкуствена коприна (izkustvena koprina)
• Catalan: raió m
• Finnish: viskoosi (fi), raion (fi)
• French: rayonne (fr) f
• Japanese: レーヨン (ja) (rēyon), 人絹 (ja) (じんけん, jinken), 人造絹糸 (ja) (じんぞうけんし, jinzō kenshi)
• Polish: sztuczny jedwab m
• Serbo-Croatian: rajon (sh) m

Further reading

• rayon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Middle French rayon [1539], from Old French rai (whence English ray), from Latin rādius (whence English radius).

Pronunciation

• enPR: rāʹŏn, ʀāyôɴʹ, ʀĕyôɴʹ, IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪɒn/, /reɪˈjɔ̃/, /rɛˈjɔ̃/

Noun

rayon (plural rayons)

1. (obsolete, rare) A ray or beam of light.
   • 1591, Joachim du Bellay, “The Visions of Bellay”, in Ed[mund] Sp[enser], transl., Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC, part 2, signature Y3, recto:

     Nor brick, nor marble was the wall in view,
     But ſhining Chriſtall, which from top to baſe
     Out of her womb a thouſand rayons threw, […]

   • a. 1609, Alex. Hume, Day Estivall, page 177:

     The rayons of the Sunne we see, Diminish in their strength.

   • 1859, Singleton, Virgil, volume II, page 244:

     Here stood A cave,…unreached by rayons of the Sun.

2. A circular area whose extent is measured by the length of the radius of the circle which bounds it.

   Synonym: radius

   • 1878, Lady Herbert, transl., Hübner’s Ramble, part iii, chapter i, page 459:

     Within a rayon of a certain number of miles.

   • 1879 May 26th, Daily News, page 5/6:

     I found myself within his rayon at Newcastle, which is one of his bases of supply.

Related terms

• rayonnance (noun)
• rayonné (adjective)

 

Translations

ray or beam of light — see also ray

circular area — see radius

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

rayon (plural rayons)

1. Alternative spelling of raion

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

rayon (definite accusative rayonu, plural rayonlar)

1. district, rayon (second level subdivision unit ex-USSR countries).

Declension

Declension of rayon
	singular	plural
nominative	rayon	rayonlar
definite accusative	rayonu	rayonları
dative	rayona	rayonlara
locative	rayonda	rayonlarda
ablative	rayondan	rayonlardan
definite genitive	rayonun	rayonların

Possessive forms of rayon
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonum	rayonlarım
sənin (“your”)	rayonun	rayonların
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonu	rayonları
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuz	rayonlarımız
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuz	rayonlarınız
onların (“their”)	rayonu or rayonları	rayonları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonumu	rayonlarımı
sənin (“your”)	rayonunu	rayonlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonunu	rayonlarını
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuzu	rayonlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuzu	rayonlarınızı
onların (“their”)	rayonunu or rayonlarını	rayonlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonuma	rayonlarıma
sənin (“your”)	rayonuna	rayonlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonuna	rayonlarına
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuza	rayonlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuza	rayonlarınıza
onların (“their”)	rayonuna or rayonlarına	rayonlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonumda	rayonlarımda
sənin (“your”)	rayonunda	rayonlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonunda	rayonlarında
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuzda	rayonlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuzda	rayonlarınızda
onların (“their”)	rayonunda or rayonlarında	rayonlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonumdan	rayonlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	rayonundan	rayonlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonundan	rayonlarından
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuzdan	rayonlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuzdan	rayonlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	rayonundan or rayonlarından	rayonlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	rayonumun	rayonlarımın
sənin (“your”)	rayonunun	rayonlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	rayonunun	rayonlarının
bizim (“our”)	rayonumuzun	rayonlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	rayonunuzun	rayonlarınızın
onların (“their”)	rayonunun or rayonlarının	rayonlarının

Crimean Tatar

Noun

rayon

1. region, rayon (second level subdivision unit in Ukraine, Russia and other ex-USSR countries).

Declension

Declension of rayon

nominative	rayon
genitive	rayonnıñ
dative	rayonğa
accusative	rayonnı
locative	rayonda
ablative	rayondan

References

• Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French rayon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raːˈjɔn/, /rɛˈjɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ra‧y‧on

Noun

rayon n (plural rayons, diminutive rayonnetje n)

1. region, regional section or subdivision (e.g. of a city or local government, of the area of operation of a business)

Derived terms

• rayonhoofd
• rayonkartel

Descendants

• → Indonesian: rayon

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ ~ /ʁe.jɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From rai +‎ -on. Unrelated to rayer.

Noun

rayon m (plural rayons)

1. ray, beam (of light, etc.) [from 1474]
2. spoke (of wheel) [from 1538]
3. (geometry) radius [from 1639]

Derived terms

• rayon cosmique
• rayon d’action
• rayon gamma
• rayon X
• rayonnant
• rayonner

 

Related terms

• rayonnement

Descendants

• → Russian: райо́н (rajón), раіо́нъ (raión) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
  • → English: raion
  • → Ingrian: raijona, rajona
  • → Romanian: raion
  • → Uyghur: رايون (rayon)
  • → Buryat: район (rajon)
  • → Yakut: оройуон (oroyuon)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle French royon, rayon, derived from Old French raie (“honeycomb”), ree (“id.”), from Frankish *hrātu (“honeycomb”). The "honeycomb" meaning is original, but the "shelf" meaning coincidentally happens to be attested earlier.

Noun

rayon m (plural rayons)

1. honeycomb [from 1538]
2. shelf (for books, merchandise, etc.) [from 1429]
   • 2021 April 24, “La Corée du Nord rouvre sa frontière avec la Chine [North Korea reopens its border with China]”, in Le Monde‎^[2]:

     Les importations de ces dernières semaines sont principalement des engrais, afin d’éviter un nouveau recul de la production agricole. Mais réapparaissent aussi, dans des magasins de Pyongyang, des produits non essentiels (chocolat, fruits séchés, etc.), qui avaient disparu des rayons.

     Imports in recent weeks are primarily fertilizers, in order to prevent a further decline in agricultural production. But non-essential products (chocolate, dried fruits, etc.), which had disappeared from the shelves, are also reappearing in the shops of Pyongyang.

3. department (of department store), section (of shop) [from 1841]

Derived terms

• chef de rayon
• en connaître un rayon
• manquer un rayon
• rayonnage
• stop rayon

 

Descendants

• → German: Rayon
• → Polish: rejon
• → Turkish: reyon

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old French roion, reun, roïon, etc. By surface analysis, raie +‎ -on.

Noun

rayon m (plural rayons)

1. (agriculture) row (for planting seeds in)

Further reading

• “rayon”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Indonesian

Etymology

• From Dutch rayon, from French rayon
  • from Old French ree, from Frankish *hrātu (“honeycomb”).
• Sense raion is a semantic loan from Russian райо́н (rajón).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrajɔn]
• Hyphenation: ra‧yon

Noun

rayon (plural rayon-rayon)

1. region, regional section or subdivision (e.g. of a school enrollment, of the area of operation of a business)
2. raion: an administrative unit of some Eastern European and Asian states.

Affixed terms

• perayonan

 

Noun

rayon (plural rayon-rayon)

1. rayon: a manufactured regenerated cellulosic fiber.

Further reading

• “rayon” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Middle French

Noun

rayon m (plural rayons)

1. ray, beam (of light etc.)
2. spoke (of wheel)

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from English rayon.

Noun

rayon m (plural rayons)

1. (Jersey) rayon