prion

See also: Prion and príon

English

Etymology 1

From (a reordering of) the initial letters of proteinaceous infectious particle. Coined by Neurologist, biochemist Stanley B. Prusiner in 1982.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹiːɒn/, /ˈpɹaɪən/; for more information, see prion § Etymology and pronunciation (Wikipedia).

• Audio (Southern England):

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• Audio (Southern England):

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• Audio (US):

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• Rhymes: -iːɒn, -aɪən

Noun

prion (plural prions)

1. (molecular biology) A self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue.
   • 1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 277:

     Prions retain deep mysteries, the foremost of which is what on earth they exist for.

   • 2021 July 28, Barbara Casassus, “France issues moratorium on prion research after fatal brain disease strikes two lab workers”, in Science‎^[1]:

     Five public research institutions in France have imposed a 3-month moratorium on the study of prions—a class of misfolding, infectious proteins that cause fatal brain diseases—after a retired lab worker who handled prions in the past was diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the most common prion disease in humans.

Derived terms

• prion disease
• prion protein

Translations

misfolded protein

• Azerbaijani: prion
• Bengali: প্রিয়ন (priẏon)
• Catalan: prió m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 朊病毒 (zh) (ruǎnbìngdú), 朊毒體／朊毒体 (ruǎndútǐ), 普利昂 (pǔlì'áng), 蛋白質侵染因子／蛋白质侵染因子 (dànbáizhì qīnrǎn yīnzǐ), 毒朊 (dúruǎn), 感染性蛋白質／感染性蛋白质, 感染性蛋白质 (gǎnrǎnxìng dànbáizhì), 普恩蛋白 (pǔ'ēndànbái)

• Esperanto: priono
• Finnish: prioni (fi)
• French: prion (fr) m
• German: Prion (de) m
• Greek: πρίον n (príon)
• Hebrew: פריאון (he) m (prión)
• Indonesian: prion
• Irish: prión m
• Italian: prione (it) m
• Japanese: プリオン (purion)
• Korean: 프리온 (peurion)
• Malay: prion
• Malayalam: പ്രിയോൺ (priyōṇ)
• Odia: ପ୍ରିଅନ୍ (prian)
• Persian: پریون (fa)
• Polish: prion (pl) m
• Portuguese: prião m (Portugal), príon (pt) m (Brazil)
• Romanian: prion m
• Russian: прио́н (ru) m (prión)
• Spanish: prion (es) m
• Tamil: புரதப்பீழை (puratappīḻai)
• Thai: please add this translation if you can
• Ukrainian: пріо́н m (prión)

See also

• bovine spongiform encephalopathy
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
• kuru
• mad cow disease
• New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
• scrapie
• chronic wasting disease
• viroid

Etymology 2

From Prion (former genus name), from Ancient Greek πρίων (príōn, “saw”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹʌɪən/ (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)
• Rhymes: -ʌɪən

Noun

prion (plural prions)

1. A petrel of the genus Pachyptila.

Synonyms

• (petrel of the genus Pachyptila): pachyptile (rare)

Translations

petrel from the genus Pachyptila

• Bulgarian: вълнолюбка f (vǎlnoljubka)
• Catalan: petrell prió m
• Finnish: prioni (fi)
• Russian: китовая пти́чка f (kitovaja ptíčka)
• Spanish: pato-petrel m

Anagrams

• Ripon, orpin, ponir, porin, proin, rip on, ripon

French

Noun

prion m (plural prions)

1. prion

Polish

priony

Etymology

Borrowed from English prion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈprjɔn/
• Rhymes: -ɔn
• Syllabification: prion

Noun

prion m inan (related adjective prionowy)

1. (molecular biology, pathology) prion (self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue)

Declension

Declension of prion

	singular	plural
nominative	prion	priony
genitive	prionu	prionów
dative	prionowi	prionom
accusative	prion	priony
instrumental	prionem	prionami
locative	prionie	prionach
vocative	prionie	priony

Further reading

• prion in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• priony in PWN's encyclopedia

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French prion.

Noun

prion m (plural prioni)

1. prion

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	prion	prionul		prioni	prionii
genitive-dative	prion	prionului		prioni	prionilor
vocative	prionule			prionilor

Spanish

Alternative forms

• prión

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɾjon/ [ˈpɾjõn]
• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: prion

Noun

prion m (plural priones)

1. prion

Further reading

• “prion”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28