praesul
Appearance
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the prefix prae- and the root found in salio (“I jump”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈprae̯.sul/, [ˈpräe̯s̠ʊɫ̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpre.sul/, [ˈprɛːs̬ul]
Noun
[edit]praesul m (genitive praesulis); third declension
- a public dancer who dances in leaps
- the leader of the Salii (ancient Roman priests of Mars)
- 4th century, Historia Augusta:
- Octavo aetatis anno in Saliorum collegium rettulit. [...] Fuit in eo sacerdotio et praesul et vates et magister, et multos inauguravit et exauguravit nemine praeeunte, quod ipse carmina cuncta didicisset.
- When he [Marcus Aurelius] was eight years old, he [Hadrian] enrolled him in the college of the Salii. [...] In that priesthood, he was leader and seer and master, admitting and expelling many men, without anybody dictating the songs to him as he had learned them all.
- (post-Classical) director, president
- (post-Classical) patron, protector
- 4th century, “Te lucis ante terminum”, St. Ambrose? (lyrics):
- Te lucis ante terminum / rerum creator poscimus / ut solita clementia / sis praesul ad custodiam.
- Before the end of the light, we beseech Thee, creator of things, that by thy accustomed mercy thou wouldst be [our] protector unto safekeeping.
- (Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) bishop
- 11th–13th centuries, “Carmina Burana”, anonymous lyricist:
- Bibit puer, bibit canus / bibit praesul et decanus
- Children drink, the grey-haired drink / Bishops drink and [so do] deacons
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun.
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | praesul | praesulēs |
genitive | praesulis | praesulum |
dative | praesulī | praesulibus |
accusative | praesulem | praesulēs |
ablative | praesule | praesulibus |
vocative | praesul | praesulēs |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “praesul”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “praesul”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- praesul in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- praesul in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “praesul”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “praesul”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin