phemba

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-phêmba

(transitive) to kindle, to start a fire
Synonym: -basa

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-phémba

(transitive) to kindle, to start a fire
Synonym: -basa

Inflection

tone H (infinitive *ukuphemba*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukuphemba	ukungaphembi

	simple	+ object concord
singular	phemba	-phembe
plural	phembani	-phembeni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaphemba, ngiphemba	engiphembayo, engiphemba	ngiphemba	angiphembi	engingaphembi	ngingaphembi
2nd singular	uyaphemba, uphemba	ophembayo, ophemba	uphemba	awuphembi	ongaphembi	ungaphembi
1st plural	siyaphemba, siphemba	esiphembayo, esiphemba	siphemba	asiphembi	esingaphembi	singaphembi
2nd plural	niyaphemba, niphemba	eniphembayo, eniphemba	niphemba	aniphembi	eningaphembi	ningaphembi
class 1	uyaphemba, uphemba	ophembayo, ophemba	ephemba	akaphembi	ongaphembi	engaphembi
class 2	bayaphemba, baphemba	abaphembayo, abaphemba	bephemba	abaphembi	abangaphembi	bengaphembi
class 3	uyaphemba, uphemba	ophembayo, ophemba	uphemba	awuphembi	ongaphembi	ungaphembi
class 4	iyaphemba, iphemba	ephembayo, ephemba	iphemba	ayiphembi	engaphembi	ingaphembi
class 5	liyaphemba, liphemba	eliphembayo, eliphemba	liphemba	aliphembi	elingaphembi	lingaphembi
class 6	ayaphemba, aphemba	aphembayo, aphemba	ephemba	awaphembi	angaphembi	engaphembi
class 7	siyaphemba, siphemba	esiphembayo, esiphemba	siphemba	asiphembi	esingaphembi	singaphembi
class 8	ziyaphemba, ziphemba	eziphembayo, eziphemba	ziphemba	aziphembi	ezingaphembi	zingaphembi
class 9	iyaphemba, iphemba	ephembayo, ephemba	iphemba	ayiphembi	engaphembi	ingaphembi
class 10	ziyaphemba, ziphemba	eziphembayo, eziphemba	ziphemba	aziphembi	ezingaphembi	zingaphembi
class 11	luyaphemba, luphemba	oluphembayo, oluphemba	luphemba	aluphembi	olungaphembi	lungaphembi
class 14	buyaphemba, buphemba	obuphembayo, obuphemba	buphemba	abuphembi	obungaphembi	bungaphembi
class 15	kuyaphemba, kuphemba	okuphembayo, okuphemba	kuphemba	akuphembi	okungaphembi	kungaphembi
class 17	kuyaphemba, kuphemba	okuphembayo, okuphemba	kuphemba	akuphembi	okungaphembi	kungaphembi

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiphembile, ngiphembē	engiphembile, engiphembē	ngiphembile, ngiphembē	angiphembanga	engingaphembanga	ngingaphembanga
2nd singular	uphembile, uphembē	ophembile, ophembē	uphembile, uphembē	awuphembanga	ongaphembanga	ungaphembanga
1st plural	siphembile, siphembē	esiphembile, esiphembē	siphembile, siphembē	asiphembanga	esingaphembanga	singaphembanga
2nd plural	niphembile, niphembē	eniphembile, eniphembē	niphembile, niphembē	aniphembanga	eningaphembanga	ningaphembanga
class 1	uphembile, uphembē	ophembile, ophembē	ephembile, ephembē	akaphembanga	ongaphembanga	engaphembanga
class 2	baphembile, baphembē	abaphembile, abaphembē	bephembile, bephembē	abaphembanga	abangaphembanga	bengaphembanga
class 3	uphembile, uphembē	ophembile, ophembē	uphembile, uphembē	awuphembanga	ongaphembanga	ungaphembanga
class 4	iphembile, iphembē	ephembile, ephembē	iphembile, iphembē	ayiphembanga	engaphembanga	ingaphembanga
class 5	liphembile, liphembē	eliphembile, eliphembē	liphembile, liphembē	aliphembanga	elingaphembanga	lingaphembanga
class 6	aphembile, aphembē	aphembile, aphembē	ephembile, ephembē	awaphembanga	angaphembanga	engaphembanga
class 7	siphembile, siphembē	esiphembile, esiphembē	siphembile, siphembē	asiphembanga	esingaphembanga	singaphembanga
class 8	ziphembile, ziphembē	eziphembile, eziphembē	ziphembile, ziphembē	aziphembanga	ezingaphembanga	zingaphembanga
class 9	iphembile, iphembē	ephembile, ephembē	iphembile, iphembē	ayiphembanga	engaphembanga	ingaphembanga
class 10	ziphembile, ziphembē	eziphembile, eziphembē	ziphembile, ziphembē	aziphembanga	ezingaphembanga	zingaphembanga
class 11	luphembile, luphembē	oluphembile, oluphembē	luphembile, luphembē	aluphembanga	olungaphembanga	lungaphembanga
class 14	buphembile, buphembē	obuphembile, obuphembē	buphembile, buphembē	abuphembanga	obungaphembanga	bungaphembanga
class 15	kuphembile, kuphembē	okuphembile, okuphembē	kuphembile, kuphembē	akuphembanga	okungaphembanga	kungaphembanga
class 17	kuphembile, kuphembē	okuphembile, okuphembē	kuphembile, kuphembē	akuphembanga	okungaphembanga	kungaphembanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāphemba	engāphemba	ngāphemba	angiphembanga	engingaphembanga	ngingaphembanga
2nd singular	wāphemba	owāphemba	wāphemba	awuphembanga	ongaphembanga	ungaphembanga
1st plural	sāphemba	esāphemba	sāphemba	asiphembanga	esingaphembanga	singaphembanga
2nd plural	nāphemba	enāphemba	nāphemba	aniphembanga	eningaphembanga	ningaphembanga
class 1	wāphemba	owāphemba	āphemba	akaphembanga	ongaphembanga	engaphembanga
class 2	bāphemba	abāphemba	bāphemba	abaphembanga	abangaphembanga	bengaphembanga
class 3	wāphemba	owāphemba	wāphemba	awuphembanga	ongaphembanga	ungaphembanga
class 4	yāphemba	eyāphemba	yāphemba	ayiphembanga	engaphembanga	ingaphembanga
class 5	lāphemba	elāphemba	lāphemba	aliphembanga	elingaphembanga	lingaphembanga
class 6	āphemba	āphemba	āphemba	awaphembanga	angaphembanga	engaphembanga
class 7	sāphemba	esāphemba	sāphemba	asiphembanga	esingaphembanga	singaphembanga
class 8	zāphemba	ezāphemba	zāphemba	aziphembanga	ezingaphembanga	zingaphembanga
class 9	yāphemba	eyāphemba	yāphemba	ayiphembanga	engaphembanga	ingaphembanga
class 10	zāphemba	ezāphemba	zāphemba	aziphembanga	ezingaphembanga	zingaphembanga
class 11	lwāphemba	olwāphemba	lwāphemba	aluphembanga	olungaphembanga	lungaphembanga
class 14	bāphemba	obāphemba	bāphemba	abuphembanga	obungaphembanga	bungaphembanga
class 15	kwāphemba	okwāphemba	kwāphemba	akuphembanga	okungaphembanga	kungaphembanga
class 17	kwāphemba	okwāphemba	kwāphemba	akuphembanga	okungaphembanga	kungaphembanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingaphemba	—	ngingaphemba	ngingephembe	—	ngingephembe
2nd singular	ungaphemba	—	ungaphemba	ungephembe	—	ungephembe
1st plural	singaphemba	—	singaphemba	singephembe	—	singephembe
2nd plural	ningaphemba	—	ningaphemba	ningephembe	—	ningephembe
class 1	angaphemba	—	engaphemba	angephembe	—	engephembe
class 2	bangaphemba	—	bengaphemba	bangephembe	—	bengephembe
class 3	ungaphemba	—	ungaphemba	ungephembe	—	ungephembe
class 4	ingaphemba	—	ingaphemba	ingephembe	—	ingephembe
class 5	lingaphemba	—	lingaphemba	lingephembe	—	lingephembe
class 6	angaphemba	—	engaphemba	angephembe	—	engephembe
class 7	singaphemba	—	singaphemba	singephembe	—	singephembe
class 8	zingaphemba	—	zingaphemba	zingephembe	—	zingephembe
class 9	ingaphemba	—	ingaphemba	ingephembe	—	ingephembe
class 10	zingaphemba	—	zingaphemba	zingephembe	—	zingephembe
class 11	lungaphemba	—	lungaphemba	lungephembe	—	lungephembe
class 14	bungaphemba	—	bungaphemba	bungephembe	—	bungephembe
class 15	kungaphemba	—	kungaphemba	kungephembe	—	kungephembe
class 17	kungaphemba	—	kungaphemba	kungephembe	—	kungephembe

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizophemba	engizophemba	ngizophemba	angizuphemba	engingezuphemba	ngingezuphemba
2nd singular	uzophemba	ozophemba	uzophemba	awuzuphemba	ongezuphemba	ungezuphemba
1st plural	sizophemba	esizophemba	sizophemba	asizuphemba	esingezuphemba	singezuphemba
2nd plural	nizophemba	enizophemba	nizophemba	anizuphemba	eningezuphemba	ningezuphemba
class 1	uzophemba	ozophemba	ezophemba	akazuphemba	ongezuphemba	engezuphemba
class 2	bazophemba	abazophemba	bezophemba	abazuphemba	abangezuphemba	bengezuphemba
class 3	uzophemba	ozophemba	uzophemba	awuzuphemba	ongezuphemba	ungezuphemba
class 4	izophemba	ezophemba	izophemba	ayizuphemba	engezuphemba	ingezuphemba
class 5	lizophemba	elizophemba	lizophemba	alizuphemba	elingezuphemba	lingezuphemba
class 6	azophemba	azophemba	ezophemba	awazuphemba	angezuphemba	engezuphemba
class 7	sizophemba	esizophemba	sizophemba	asizuphemba	esingezuphemba	singezuphemba
class 8	zizophemba	ezizophemba	zizophemba	azizuphemba	ezingezuphemba	zingezuphemba
class 9	izophemba	ezophemba	izophemba	ayizuphemba	engezuphemba	ingezuphemba
class 10	zizophemba	ezizophemba	zizophemba	azizuphemba	ezingezuphemba	zingezuphemba
class 11	luzophemba	oluzophemba	luzophemba	aluzuphemba	olungezuphemba	lungezuphemba
class 14	buzophemba	obuzophemba	buzophemba	abuzuphemba	obungezuphemba	bungezuphemba
class 15	kuzophemba	okuzophemba	kuzophemba	akuzuphemba	okungezuphemba	kungezuphemba
class 17	kuzophemba	okuzophemba	kuzophemba	akuzuphemba	okungezuphemba	kungezuphemba

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyophemba	engiyophemba	ngiyophemba	angiyuphemba	engingeyuphemba	ngingeyuphemba
2nd singular	uyophemba	oyophemba	uyophemba	awuyuphemba	ongeyuphemba	ungeyuphemba
1st plural	siyophemba	esiyophemba	siyophemba	asiyuphemba	esingeyuphemba	singeyuphemba
2nd plural	niyophemba	eniyophemba	niyophemba	aniyuphemba	eningeyuphemba	ningeyuphemba
class 1	uyophemba	oyophemba	eyophemba	akayuphemba	ongeyuphemba	engeyuphemba
class 2	bayophemba	abayophemba	beyophemba	abayuphemba	abangeyuphemba	bengeyuphemba
class 3	uyophemba	oyophemba	uyophemba	awuyuphemba	ongeyuphemba	ungeyuphemba
class 4	iyophemba	eyophemba	iyophemba	ayiyuphemba	engeyuphemba	ingeyuphemba
class 5	liyophemba	eliyophemba	liyophemba	aliyuphemba	elingeyuphemba	lingeyuphemba
class 6	ayophemba	ayophemba	eyophemba	awayuphemba	angeyuphemba	engeyuphemba
class 7	siyophemba	esiyophemba	siyophemba	asiyuphemba	esingeyuphemba	singeyuphemba
class 8	ziyophemba	eziyophemba	ziyophemba	aziyuphemba	ezingeyuphemba	zingeyuphemba
class 9	iyophemba	eyophemba	iyophemba	ayiyuphemba	engeyuphemba	ingeyuphemba
class 10	ziyophemba	eziyophemba	ziyophemba	aziyuphemba	ezingeyuphemba	zingeyuphemba
class 11	luyophemba	oluyophemba	luyophemba	aluyuphemba	olungeyuphemba	lungeyuphemba
class 14	buyophemba	obuyophemba	buyophemba	abuyuphemba	obungeyuphemba	bungeyuphemba
class 15	kuyophemba	okuyophemba	kuyophemba	akuyuphemba	okungeyuphemba	kungeyuphemba
class 17	kuyophemba	okuyophemba	kuyophemba	akuyuphemba	okungeyuphemba	kungeyuphemba

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngiphembe	ngingaphembi
2nd singular	uphembe	ungaphembi
1st plural	siphembe	singaphembi
2nd plural	niphembe	ningaphembi
class 1	aphembe	angaphembi
class 2	baphembe	bangaphembi
class 3	uphembe	ungaphembi
class 4	iphembe	ingaphembi
class 5	liphembe	lingaphembi
class 6	aphembe	angaphembi
class 7	siphembe	singaphembi
class 8	ziphembe	zingaphembi
class 9	iphembe	ingaphembi
class 10	ziphembe	zingaphembi
class 11	luphembe	lungaphembi
class 14	buphembe	bungaphembi
class 15	kuphembe	kungaphembi
class 17	kuphembe	kungaphembi

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngaphemba	ngangaphemba, angaphemba, angangaphemba
2nd singular	waphemba	wangaphemba, awaphemba, awangaphemba
1st plural	saphemba	sangaphemba, asaphemba, asangaphemba
2nd plural	naphemba	nangaphemba, anaphemba, anangaphemba
class 1	waphemba	wangaphemba, akaphemba, akangaphemba
class 2	baphemba	bangaphemba, abaphemba, abangaphemba
class 3	waphemba	wangaphemba, awaphemba, awangaphemba
class 4	yaphemba	yangaphemba, ayaphemba, ayangaphemba
class 5	laphemba	langaphemba, alaphemba, alangaphemba
class 6	aphemba	angaphemba, awaphemba, awangaphemba
class 7	saphemba	sangaphemba, asaphemba, asangaphemba
class 8	zaphemba	zangaphemba, azaphemba, azangaphemba
class 9	yaphemba	yangaphemba, ayaphemba, ayangaphemba
class 10	zaphemba	zangaphemba, azaphemba, azangaphemba
class 11	lwaphemba	lwangaphemba, alwaphemba, alwangaphemba
class 14	baphemba	bangaphemba, abaphemba, abangaphemba
class 15	kwaphemba	kwangaphemba, akwaphemba, akwangaphemba
class 17	kwaphemba	kwangaphemba, akwaphemba, akwangaphemba

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phemba”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phemba (3.9)”