phakama

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pákama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-páka.

Verb

-phákáma

to stand up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pákama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-páka.

Verb

-phákáma

(intransitive) to stand up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-pákama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-páka.

Verb

-phakáma

to rise, to become elevated
to become important, famous

Inflection

tone H (infinitive *ukuphakama*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukuphakama	ukungaphakami

	simple	+ object concord
singular	phakama	-phakame
plural	phakamani	-phakameni

stative
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiphakeme	engiphakeme	ngiphakeme	angiphakeme	engingaphakeme	ngingaphakeme
2nd singular	uphakeme	ophakeme	uphakeme	awuphakeme	ongaphakeme	ungaphakeme
1st plural	siphakeme	esiphakeme	siphakeme	asiphakeme	esingaphakeme	singaphakeme
2nd plural	niphakeme	eniphakeme	niphakeme	aniphakeme	eningaphakeme	ningaphakeme
class 1	uphakeme	ophakeme	ephakeme	akaphakeme	ongaphakeme	engaphakeme
class 2	baphakeme	abaphakeme	bephakeme	abaphakeme	abangaphakeme	bengaphakeme
class 3	uphakeme	ophakeme	uphakeme	awuphakeme	ongaphakeme	ongaphakeme
class 4	iphakeme	ephakeme	iphakeme	ayiphakeme	engaphakeme	ingaphakeme
class 5	liphakeme	eliphakeme	liphakeme	aliphakeme	elingaphakeme	lingaphakeme
class 6	aphakeme	aphakeme	ephakeme	awaphakeme	angaphakeme	engaphakeme
class 7	siphakeme	esiphakeme	siphakeme	asiphakeme	esingaphakeme	singaphakeme
class 8	ziphakeme	eziphakeme	ziphakeme	aziphakeme	ezingaphakeme	zingaphakeme
class 9	iphakeme	ephakeme	iphakeme	ayiphakeme	engaphakeme	ingaphakeme
class 10	ziphakeme	eziphakeme	ziphakeme	aziphakeme	ezingaphakeme	zingaphakeme
class 11	luphakeme	oluphakeme	luphakeme	aluphakeme	olungaphakeme	lungaphakeme
class 14	buphakeme	obuphakeme	buphakeme	abuphakeme	obungaphakeme	bungaphakeme
class 15	kuphakeme	okuphakeme	kuphakeme	akuphakeme	okungaphakeme	kungaphakeme
class 17	kuphakeme	okuphakeme	kuphakeme	akuphakeme	okungaphakeme	kungaphakeme

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaphakama, ngiphakama	engiphakamayo, engiphakama	ngiphakama	angiphakami	engingaphakami	ngingaphakami
2nd singular	uyaphakama, uphakama	ophakamayo, ophakama	uphakama	awuphakami	ongaphakami	ungaphakami
1st plural	siyaphakama, siphakama	esiphakamayo, esiphakama	siphakama	asiphakami	esingaphakami	singaphakami
2nd plural	niyaphakama, niphakama	eniphakamayo, eniphakama	niphakama	aniphakami	eningaphakami	ningaphakami
class 1	uyaphakama, uphakama	ophakamayo, ophakama	ephakama	akaphakami	ongaphakami	engaphakami
class 2	bayaphakama, baphakama	abaphakamayo, abaphakama	bephakama	abaphakami	abangaphakami	bengaphakami
class 3	uyaphakama, uphakama	ophakamayo, ophakama	uphakama	awuphakami	ongaphakami	ungaphakami
class 4	iyaphakama, iphakama	ephakamayo, ephakama	iphakama	ayiphakami	engaphakami	ingaphakami
class 5	liyaphakama, liphakama	eliphakamayo, eliphakama	liphakama	aliphakami	elingaphakami	lingaphakami
class 6	ayaphakama, aphakama	aphakamayo, aphakama	ephakama	awaphakami	angaphakami	engaphakami
class 7	siyaphakama, siphakama	esiphakamayo, esiphakama	siphakama	asiphakami	esingaphakami	singaphakami
class 8	ziyaphakama, ziphakama	eziphakamayo, eziphakama	ziphakama	aziphakami	ezingaphakami	zingaphakami
class 9	iyaphakama, iphakama	ephakamayo, ephakama	iphakama	ayiphakami	engaphakami	ingaphakami
class 10	ziyaphakama, ziphakama	eziphakamayo, eziphakama	ziphakama	aziphakami	ezingaphakami	zingaphakami
class 11	luyaphakama, luphakama	oluphakamayo, oluphakama	luphakama	aluphakami	olungaphakami	lungaphakami
class 14	buyaphakama, buphakama	obuphakamayo, obuphakama	buphakama	abuphakami	obungaphakami	bungaphakami
class 15	kuyaphakama, kuphakama	okuphakamayo, okuphakama	kuphakama	akuphakami	okungaphakami	kungaphakami
class 17	kuyaphakama, kuphakama	okuphakamayo, okuphakama	kuphakama	akuphakami	okungaphakami	kungaphakami

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiphakamile, ngiphakamē	engiphakamile, engiphakamē	ngiphakamile, ngiphakamē	angiphakamanga	engingaphakamanga	ngingaphakamanga
2nd singular	uphakamile, uphakamē	ophakamile, ophakamē	uphakamile, uphakamē	awuphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	ungaphakamanga
1st plural	siphakamile, siphakamē	esiphakamile, esiphakamē	siphakamile, siphakamē	asiphakamanga	esingaphakamanga	singaphakamanga
2nd plural	niphakamile, niphakamē	eniphakamile, eniphakamē	niphakamile, niphakamē	aniphakamanga	eningaphakamanga	ningaphakamanga
class 1	uphakamile, uphakamē	ophakamile, ophakamē	ephakamile, ephakamē	akaphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	engaphakamanga
class 2	baphakamile, baphakamē	abaphakamile, abaphakamē	bephakamile, bephakamē	abaphakamanga	abangaphakamanga	bengaphakamanga
class 3	uphakamile, uphakamē	ophakamile, ophakamē	uphakamile, uphakamē	awuphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	ungaphakamanga
class 4	iphakamile, iphakamē	ephakamile, ephakamē	iphakamile, iphakamē	ayiphakamanga	engaphakamanga	ingaphakamanga
class 5	liphakamile, liphakamē	eliphakamile, eliphakamē	liphakamile, liphakamē	aliphakamanga	elingaphakamanga	lingaphakamanga
class 6	aphakamile, aphakamē	aphakamile, aphakamē	ephakamile, ephakamē	awaphakamanga	angaphakamanga	engaphakamanga
class 7	siphakamile, siphakamē	esiphakamile, esiphakamē	siphakamile, siphakamē	asiphakamanga	esingaphakamanga	singaphakamanga
class 8	ziphakamile, ziphakamē	eziphakamile, eziphakamē	ziphakamile, ziphakamē	aziphakamanga	ezingaphakamanga	zingaphakamanga
class 9	iphakamile, iphakamē	ephakamile, ephakamē	iphakamile, iphakamē	ayiphakamanga	engaphakamanga	ingaphakamanga
class 10	ziphakamile, ziphakamē	eziphakamile, eziphakamē	ziphakamile, ziphakamē	aziphakamanga	ezingaphakamanga	zingaphakamanga
class 11	luphakamile, luphakamē	oluphakamile, oluphakamē	luphakamile, luphakamē	aluphakamanga	olungaphakamanga	lungaphakamanga
class 14	buphakamile, buphakamē	obuphakamile, obuphakamē	buphakamile, buphakamē	abuphakamanga	obungaphakamanga	bungaphakamanga
class 15	kuphakamile, kuphakamē	okuphakamile, okuphakamē	kuphakamile, kuphakamē	akuphakamanga	okungaphakamanga	kungaphakamanga
class 17	kuphakamile, kuphakamē	okuphakamile, okuphakamē	kuphakamile, kuphakamē	akuphakamanga	okungaphakamanga	kungaphakamanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngāphakama	engāphakama	ngāphakama	angiphakamanga	engingaphakamanga	ngingaphakamanga
2nd singular	wāphakama	owāphakama	wāphakama	awuphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	ungaphakamanga
1st plural	sāphakama	esāphakama	sāphakama	asiphakamanga	esingaphakamanga	singaphakamanga
2nd plural	nāphakama	enāphakama	nāphakama	aniphakamanga	eningaphakamanga	ningaphakamanga
class 1	wāphakama	owāphakama	āphakama	akaphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	engaphakamanga
class 2	bāphakama	abāphakama	bāphakama	abaphakamanga	abangaphakamanga	bengaphakamanga
class 3	wāphakama	owāphakama	wāphakama	awuphakamanga	ongaphakamanga	ungaphakamanga
class 4	yāphakama	eyāphakama	yāphakama	ayiphakamanga	engaphakamanga	ingaphakamanga
class 5	lāphakama	elāphakama	lāphakama	aliphakamanga	elingaphakamanga	lingaphakamanga
class 6	āphakama	āphakama	āphakama	awaphakamanga	angaphakamanga	engaphakamanga
class 7	sāphakama	esāphakama	sāphakama	asiphakamanga	esingaphakamanga	singaphakamanga
class 8	zāphakama	ezāphakama	zāphakama	aziphakamanga	ezingaphakamanga	zingaphakamanga
class 9	yāphakama	eyāphakama	yāphakama	ayiphakamanga	engaphakamanga	ingaphakamanga
class 10	zāphakama	ezāphakama	zāphakama	aziphakamanga	ezingaphakamanga	zingaphakamanga
class 11	lwāphakama	olwāphakama	lwāphakama	aluphakamanga	olungaphakamanga	lungaphakamanga
class 14	bāphakama	obāphakama	bāphakama	abuphakamanga	obungaphakamanga	bungaphakamanga
class 15	kwāphakama	okwāphakama	kwāphakama	akuphakamanga	okungaphakamanga	kungaphakamanga
class 17	kwāphakama	okwāphakama	kwāphakama	akuphakamanga	okungaphakamanga	kungaphakamanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingaphakama	—	ngingaphakama	ngingephakame	—	ngingephakame
2nd singular	ungaphakama	—	ungaphakama	ungephakame	—	ungephakame
1st plural	singaphakama	—	singaphakama	singephakame	—	singephakame
2nd plural	ningaphakama	—	ningaphakama	ningephakame	—	ningephakame
class 1	angaphakama	—	engaphakama	angephakame	—	engephakame
class 2	bangaphakama	—	bengaphakama	bangephakame	—	bengephakame
class 3	ungaphakama	—	ungaphakama	ungephakame	—	ungephakame
class 4	ingaphakama	—	ingaphakama	ingephakame	—	ingephakame
class 5	lingaphakama	—	lingaphakama	lingephakame	—	lingephakame
class 6	angaphakama	—	engaphakama	angephakame	—	engephakame
class 7	singaphakama	—	singaphakama	singephakame	—	singephakame
class 8	zingaphakama	—	zingaphakama	zingephakame	—	zingephakame
class 9	ingaphakama	—	ingaphakama	ingephakame	—	ingephakame
class 10	zingaphakama	—	zingaphakama	zingephakame	—	zingephakame
class 11	lungaphakama	—	lungaphakama	lungephakame	—	lungephakame
class 14	bungaphakama	—	bungaphakama	bungephakame	—	bungephakame
class 15	kungaphakama	—	kungaphakama	kungephakame	—	kungephakame
class 17	kungaphakama	—	kungaphakama	kungephakame	—	kungephakame

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizophakama	engizophakama	ngizophakama	angizuphakama	engingezuphakama	ngingezuphakama
2nd singular	uzophakama	ozophakama	uzophakama	awuzuphakama	ongezuphakama	ungezuphakama
1st plural	sizophakama	esizophakama	sizophakama	asizuphakama	esingezuphakama	singezuphakama
2nd plural	nizophakama	enizophakama	nizophakama	anizuphakama	eningezuphakama	ningezuphakama
class 1	uzophakama	ozophakama	ezophakama	akazuphakama	ongezuphakama	engezuphakama
class 2	bazophakama	abazophakama	bezophakama	abazuphakama	abangezuphakama	bengezuphakama
class 3	uzophakama	ozophakama	uzophakama	awuzuphakama	ongezuphakama	ungezuphakama
class 4	izophakama	ezophakama	izophakama	ayizuphakama	engezuphakama	ingezuphakama
class 5	lizophakama	elizophakama	lizophakama	alizuphakama	elingezuphakama	lingezuphakama
class 6	azophakama	azophakama	ezophakama	awazuphakama	angezuphakama	engezuphakama
class 7	sizophakama	esizophakama	sizophakama	asizuphakama	esingezuphakama	singezuphakama
class 8	zizophakama	ezizophakama	zizophakama	azizuphakama	ezingezuphakama	zingezuphakama
class 9	izophakama	ezophakama	izophakama	ayizuphakama	engezuphakama	ingezuphakama
class 10	zizophakama	ezizophakama	zizophakama	azizuphakama	ezingezuphakama	zingezuphakama
class 11	luzophakama	oluzophakama	luzophakama	aluzuphakama	olungezuphakama	lungezuphakama
class 14	buzophakama	obuzophakama	buzophakama	abuzuphakama	obungezuphakama	bungezuphakama
class 15	kuzophakama	okuzophakama	kuzophakama	akuzuphakama	okungezuphakama	kungezuphakama
class 17	kuzophakama	okuzophakama	kuzophakama	akuzuphakama	okungezuphakama	kungezuphakama

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyophakama	engiyophakama	ngiyophakama	angiyuphakama	engingeyuphakama	ngingeyuphakama
2nd singular	uyophakama	oyophakama	uyophakama	awuyuphakama	ongeyuphakama	ungeyuphakama
1st plural	siyophakama	esiyophakama	siyophakama	asiyuphakama	esingeyuphakama	singeyuphakama
2nd plural	niyophakama	eniyophakama	niyophakama	aniyuphakama	eningeyuphakama	ningeyuphakama
class 1	uyophakama	oyophakama	eyophakama	akayuphakama	ongeyuphakama	engeyuphakama
class 2	bayophakama	abayophakama	beyophakama	abayuphakama	abangeyuphakama	bengeyuphakama
class 3	uyophakama	oyophakama	uyophakama	awuyuphakama	ongeyuphakama	ungeyuphakama
class 4	iyophakama	eyophakama	iyophakama	ayiyuphakama	engeyuphakama	ingeyuphakama
class 5	liyophakama	eliyophakama	liyophakama	aliyuphakama	elingeyuphakama	lingeyuphakama
class 6	ayophakama	ayophakama	eyophakama	awayuphakama	angeyuphakama	engeyuphakama
class 7	siyophakama	esiyophakama	siyophakama	asiyuphakama	esingeyuphakama	singeyuphakama
class 8	ziyophakama	eziyophakama	ziyophakama	aziyuphakama	ezingeyuphakama	zingeyuphakama
class 9	iyophakama	eyophakama	iyophakama	ayiyuphakama	engeyuphakama	ingeyuphakama
class 10	ziyophakama	eziyophakama	ziyophakama	aziyuphakama	ezingeyuphakama	zingeyuphakama
class 11	luyophakama	oluyophakama	luyophakama	aluyuphakama	olungeyuphakama	lungeyuphakama
class 14	buyophakama	obuyophakama	buyophakama	abuyuphakama	obungeyuphakama	bungeyuphakama
class 15	kuyophakama	okuyophakama	kuyophakama	akuyuphakama	okungeyuphakama	kungeyuphakama
class 17	kuyophakama	okuyophakama	kuyophakama	akuyuphakama	okungeyuphakama	kungeyuphakama

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngiphakame	ngingaphakami
2nd singular	uphakame	ungaphakami
1st plural	siphakame	singaphakami
2nd plural	niphakame	ningaphakami
class 1	aphakame	angaphakami
class 2	baphakame	bangaphakami
class 3	uphakame	ungaphakami
class 4	iphakame	ingaphakami
class 5	liphakame	lingaphakami
class 6	aphakame	angaphakami
class 7	siphakame	singaphakami
class 8	ziphakame	zingaphakami
class 9	iphakame	ingaphakami
class 10	ziphakame	zingaphakami
class 11	luphakame	lungaphakami
class 14	buphakame	bungaphakami
class 15	kuphakame	kungaphakami
class 17	kuphakame	kungaphakami

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngaphakama	ngangaphakama, angaphakama, angangaphakama
2nd singular	waphakama	wangaphakama, awaphakama, awangaphakama
1st plural	saphakama	sangaphakama, asaphakama, asangaphakama
2nd plural	naphakama	nangaphakama, anaphakama, anangaphakama
class 1	waphakama	wangaphakama, akaphakama, akangaphakama
class 2	baphakama	bangaphakama, abaphakama, abangaphakama
class 3	waphakama	wangaphakama, awaphakama, awangaphakama
class 4	yaphakama	yangaphakama, ayaphakama, ayangaphakama
class 5	laphakama	langaphakama, alaphakama, alangaphakama
class 6	aphakama	angaphakama, awaphakama, awangaphakama
class 7	saphakama	sangaphakama, asaphakama, asangaphakama
class 8	zaphakama	zangaphakama, azaphakama, azangaphakama
class 9	yaphakama	yangaphakama, ayaphakama, ayangaphakama
class 10	zaphakama	zangaphakama, azaphakama, azangaphakama
class 11	lwaphakama	lwangaphakama, alwaphakama, alwangaphakama
class 14	baphakama	bangaphakama, abaphakama, abangaphakama
class 15	kwaphakama	kwangaphakama, akwaphakama, akwangaphakama
class 17	kwaphakama	kwangaphakama, akwaphakama, akwangaphakama

Derived terms

-phakamisa

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phakama”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phakama (3.2.9)”