petroleum

See also: Petroleum

English

Alternative forms

• petrolaeum (archaic)
• petrolæum (archaic)

Etymology

From Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /pəˈtɹoʊliəm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

petroleum (countable and uncountable, plural petroleums or petrolea)

2. A flammable liquid ranging in color from clear to very dark brown and black, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring naturally in deposits under the Earth's surface.

   Synonyms: crude oil, oil

   petroleum-based products

   • 1940, William Plotts, Isogeotherm, Or Monist Theory of Stratified Mineral Occurrence and Origin, page 7:

     Coal and petroleum do not occur hap-hazard in nature, but the aggregate occurrence of each product in any region forms a definite, limited horizon, which, in its continuance, is independent of the bedding plane.

Derived terms

• liquefied petroleum gas
• packaged petroleum product
• petrol
• petroleum coke
• Petroleum County
• petroleum ether
• petroleum fly
• petroleum jelly
• petroleum reservoir
• petroleum spirit

Related terms

• (not a synonym) petrol (gasoline, gas)
• linoleum

Translations

oil — see oil

Dutch

Etymology

From Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pe‧tro‧le‧um

Noun

petroleum m (uncountable)

1. petroleum

Synonyms

• aardolie
• ruwe olie

Descendants

• → Indonesian: petroleum

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch petroleum, from Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pe.troˈleu.m]
• Hyphenation: pét‧ro‧lé‧um

Noun

petroleum or pétroléum

1. (petrochemistry) petroleum.

   Synonym: minyak bumi

Further reading

• “petroleum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Polish

Alternative forms

• petrolium (Middle Polish)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin petroleum. First attested in 1534.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pɛˈtrɔ.lɛwm/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /pɛˈtrɔ.lɛwm/

• Rhymes: -ɔlɛwm
• Syllabification: pe‧tro‧leum

Noun

petroleum n

1. (obsolete) Synonym of ropa naftowa

Declension

Declension of petroleum

	singular
nominative	petroleum
genitive	petroleum
dative	petroleum
accusative	petroleum
instrumental	petroleum
locative	petroleum
vocative	petroleum

Further reading

• “PETROLEUM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 31.03.2016
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “petroleum”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “petroleum”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “petroleum”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 123
• petroleum in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Swedish

Noun

petroleum n or c

1. petroleum
2. (Finland) kerosene, (UK) paraffin

   Synonym: fotogen

Declension

Declension of petroleum

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	petroleum	petroleums
	definite	petroleumet	petroleumets
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Declension of petroleum

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	petroleum	petroleums
	definite	petroleumen	petroleumens
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

See also

• bitumen
• fotogen
• vaselin

References

• petroleum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• petroleum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• petroleum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)