pengaled

Welsh

Etymology

From pen (“head”) +‎ caled (“hard”).

Adjective

pengaled (feminine singular pengaled, plural pengaled, equative mor bengaled, comparative mwy pengaled, superlative mwyaf pengaled)

1. hard-headed, stubborn, obstinate, headstrong

   Synonyms: cyndyn, (y)styfnig, penstiff, gwargaled

Derived terms

• pengaledwch (“stubbornness”)

Noun

Y bengaled.

y bengaled f (uncountable)

1. knapweed (Centaurea spp.)
   1. common knapweed (Centaurea nigra)

      Synonyms: cramennog, madfelen, dauwynebog, y bengaled (leiaf) benddu, y bengaled ddu, y bengaled goch

   2. cornflower (Centaurea cyanus)

      Synonym: glas yr ŷd

2. scabious (Scabiosa ssp.), especially field scabious (Knautia arvensis)

   Synonyms: clafrllys, clafrllys y maes

Hyponyms

• pengaled seraidd Malta (“Maltese star-thistle”)
• y bengaled arw (“rough star-thistle”)
• y bengaled benfawr (“giant knapweed”)
• y bengaled fawr, y bengaled fwyaf, y bengaled goch (“greater knapweed”)
• y bengaled felen (“yellow starthistle”)
• y bengaled groesryw (“hybrid knapweed”)
• y bengaled (las) yr ŷd (“cornflower”)
• y bengaled (leiaf) benddu, y bengaled ddu, y bengaled goch (“common knapweed”)
• y bengaled lwytgoch (“brown knapweed”)
• y bengaled seraidd (“red starthistle”)
• y bengaled seraidd fach (“lesser starthistle”)

 

Other derived terms

• pengaled Rwsia (“Russian knapweed”)
• gorfanadl y bengaled (“knapweed broomrape”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of pengaled

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
pengaled	bengaled	mhengaled	phengaled

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.