pakertaa
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From pak- + -ertaa; probably a sound-symbolic formation based on words like nakertaa, takertaa, and in terms of meaning, ahertaa. According to Ruppel (2021), possibly a blend of pakko + ahertaa.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pakertaa
- (intransitive) To work hard.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of pakertaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakerran | en pakerra | 1st sing. | olen pakertanut | en ole pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakerrat | et pakerra | 2nd sing. | olet pakertanut | et ole pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakertaa | ei pakerra | 3rd sing. | on pakertanut | ei ole pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakerramme | emme pakerra | 1st plur. | olemme pakertaneet | emme ole pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakerratte | ette pakerra | 2nd plur. | olette pakertaneet | ette ole pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakertavat | eivät pakerra | 3rd plur. | ovat pakertaneet | eivät ole pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakerretaan | ei pakerreta | passive | on pakerrettu | ei ole pakerrettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakersin | en pakertanut | 1st sing. | olin pakertanut | en ollut pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakersit | et pakertanut | 2nd sing. | olit pakertanut | et ollut pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakersi | ei pakertanut | 3rd sing. | oli pakertanut | ei ollut pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakersimme | emme pakertaneet | 1st plur. | olimme pakertaneet | emme olleet pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakersitte | ette pakertaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte pakertaneet | ette olleet pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakersivat | eivät pakertaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat pakertaneet | eivät olleet pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakerrettiin | ei pakerrettu | passive | oli pakerrettu | ei ollut pakerrettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakertaisin | en pakertaisi | 1st sing. | olisin pakertanut | en olisi pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakertaisit | et pakertaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit pakertanut | et olisi pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakertaisi | ei pakertaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi pakertanut | ei olisi pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakertaisimme | emme pakertaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme pakertaneet | emme olisi pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakertaisitte | ette pakertaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte pakertaneet | ette olisi pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakertaisivat | eivät pakertaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat pakertaneet | eivät olisi pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakerrettaisiin | ei pakerrettaisi | passive | olisi pakerrettu | ei olisi pakerrettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakerra | älä pakerra | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakertakoon | älköön pakertako | 3rd sing. | olkoon pakertanut | älköön olko pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakertakaamme | älkäämme pakertako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakertakaa | älkää pakertako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakertakoot | älkööt pakertako | 3rd plur. | olkoot pakertaneet | älkööt olko pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakerrettakoon | älköön pakerrettako | passive | olkoon pakerrettu | älköön olko pakerrettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakertanen | en pakertane | 1st sing. | lienen pakertanut | en liene pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakertanet | et pakertane | 2nd sing. | lienet pakertanut | et liene pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakertanee | ei pakertane | 3rd sing. | lienee pakertanut | ei liene pakertanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakertanemme | emme pakertane | 1st plur. | lienemme pakertaneet | emme liene pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakertanette | ette pakertane | 2nd plur. | lienette pakertaneet | ette liene pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakertanevat | eivät pakertane | 3rd plur. | lienevät pakertaneet | eivät liene pakertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakerrettaneen | ei pakerrettane | passive | lienee pakerrettu | ei liene pakerrettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | pakertaa | present | pakertava | pakerrettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | pakertanut | pakerrettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | pakertaessa | pakerrettaessa | agent4 | pakertama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | pakertamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakertaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | pakertamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | pakertamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | pakertamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | pakertamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | pakertamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakertaman | pakerrettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | pakertaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “pakertaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pakertaa
- third-person singular present indicative of pakertaa
References
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ertaa
- Finnish sound-symbolic terms
- Finnish blends
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑkertɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑkertɑː/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish intransitive verbs
- Finnish huutaa-type verbs
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish verb forms