monachus

See also: Monachus

Latin

Alternative forms

• monicus

Etymology

From Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈmo.na.kʰus/, [ˈmɔnäkʰʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmo.na.kus/, [ˈmɔːnäkus]

Noun

monachus m (genitive monachī); second declension (Late Latin)

1. monk

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	monachus	monachī
genitive	monachī	monachōrum
dative	monachō	monachīs
accusative	monachum	monachōs
ablative	monachō	monachīs
vocative	monache	monachī

Related terms

• monacha
• monachalis
• monachatio
• monachatus
• monachia
• monachicus
• monachīlis
• monachitas
• monachīum
• monastērium
• monasticus
• monastria

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: monaco
    • → Sardinian: monacu (modern form)
  • Neapolitan: monaco
  • Sicilian: mònacu, mònicu, mònucu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese: monago
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: moogo
    • Galician: Mogo (surname)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: monacu, monagu (inherited medieval forms)
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: murg
  • → Basque: monako
  • → Old Irish: manach (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *manax (see there for further descendants)
  • → Swahili: mmonaki

Reflexes of the variant monicus:

• North Italian:
  • Friulian: muini
  • Ligurian: mónego
  • Lombard: mòneg
  • Piedmontese: monio
  • Romansch: muntg, montg, muong
  • Venetan: munego, monego
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: monjo (see there for further descendants)
  • Franco-Provençal: mouéno
  • Old French: monie (see there for further descendants)
  • Gascon: mounje, mounye, mouyne, mounàch
  • Old Occitan: monge (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *munik (see there for further descendants)

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “mŏnăchus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 69

Further reading

• “monachus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• monachus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.