manach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /mˠəˈn̪ˠɑx/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈmˠanˠəx/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈmˠanˠa(x)/

Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaigh, nominative plural manaigh)

1. monk
2. (historical) tenant of church lands

Declension

Declension of manach (first declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative manach manaigh vocative a mhanaigh a mhanacha genitive manaigh manach dative manach manaigh forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an manach na manaigh genitive an mhanaigh na manach dative leis an manach don mhanach leis na manaigh

Derived terms

• balsam na manach (“friar's balsam”)
• cochall manaigh (“monk's hood, amice”)
• Fir Manach (“Fermanagh”)
• manach bán (“Cistercian monk”, literally “white monk”)
• manach dubh (“Benedictine monk”, literally “black monk”)
• manach liath (“Cistercian monk”, literally “grey monk”)
• manachas (“monasticism”)
• manachúil (“monastic”, adjective)

 

Mutation

Mutated forms of manach

radical	lenition	eclipsis
manach	mhanach	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “manach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “manach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “manach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈma.nəx/

Etymology 1

From Latin monachus, possibly via Proto-Brythonic *manax.

Noun

manach m

1. monk
   • c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Prologue, line 97; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:

     Ním·thá Sen-Phól manach, as a díthrub dubach, fria nóebainm co rrorath séntae cech slóg subach.

     Not so is Old Paul the monk, whose hermitage is gloomy; by his holy name with great grace, every happy crowd is blessed.

2. (law) tenant of church lands

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	manach	manachL	manaigL
Vocative	manaig	manachL	manchuH
Accusative	manachN	manachL	manchuH
Genitive	manaigL	manach	manachN
Dative	manachL	manchaib	manchaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Middle Irish: manach
  • Irish: manach
  • Manx: maynagh, monnagh
  • Scottish Gaelic: manach

Etymology 2

Adjective

manach

1. Alternative form of monach

Mutation

Mutation of manach

radical	lenition	nasalization
manach also mmanach after a proclitic ending in a vowel	manach pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmanəx/

Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaich, plural manaich)

1. monk
2. friar

Derived terms

• manachainn

Mutation

Mutation of manach

radical	lenition
manach	mhanach

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language