Ultimately a derivation of ḫꜣj ( “ to measure ” ) . Compare the noun mḫꜣt ( “ balance scales ” ) , apparently formed with the nominalizing prefix m- back-formation from the noun, as already put forward by Gardiner.[ 1]
3-lit.
( transitive ) balance scale ) into equilibrium , to balance (scales) [Old Kingdom] ( transitive ) match , to equal [Middle Kingdom literature] ( transitive ) equal or level , to counterpoise [New Kingdom] ( transitive ) level (the floor ), to make level or flat [New Kingdom] ( transitive ) friendlily incline (one’s heart /mind ) (+ n [New Kingdom] ( transitive , with r ) adjust (one’s mouth ) to (one’s bones ) in the Opening of the Mouth ritual [Pyramid Texts] ( intransitive ) perfectly balanced or (figuratively) right-acting [New Kingdom] ( intransitive , with n , Late Egyptian ) like , to resemble (someone or something)
Conjugation of mḫꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mḫꜣ , geminated stem: mḫꜣꜣ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
mḫꜣ mḫꜣw , mḫꜣ mḫꜣt mḫꜣ mḫꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
mḫꜣ ḥr mḫꜣ m mḫꜣ r mḫꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
mḫꜣ.n mḫꜣw , mḫꜣ consecutive
mḫꜣ.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
mḫꜣt
perfective 3
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
mḫꜣ.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
mḫꜣ mḫꜣꜣ potentialis1
mḫꜣ.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
mḫꜣ.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mḫꜣ mḫꜣ , mḫꜣw 5 , mḫꜣy 5
imperfective
mḫꜣ , mḫꜣy , mḫꜣw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mḫꜣ , mḫꜣj 6 , mḫꜣy 6 mḫꜣ , mḫꜣw 5
prospective
mḫꜣ , mḫꜣtj 7 —
mḫꜣtj 4 , mḫꜣt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
mḫꜣ mḫꜣ mḫꜣ mḫꜣ mḫꜣ mḫꜣ
[Old Kingdom]
[since the Middle Kingdom]
[New Kingdom]
[New Kingdom]
[New Kingdom]
[Theban royal tombs]
3-lit.
( transitive ) tie up , to bind (people or captured birds) [Middle Kingdom literature and Late Egyptian]
Conjugation of mḫꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mḫꜣ , geminated stem: mḫꜣꜣ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
mḫꜣ mḫꜣw , mḫꜣ mḫꜣt mḫꜣ mḫꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
mḫꜣ ḥr mḫꜣ m mḫꜣ r mḫꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
mḫꜣ.n mḫꜣw , mḫꜣ consecutive
mḫꜣ.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
mḫꜣt
perfective 3
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
mḫꜣ.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
mḫꜣ mḫꜣꜣ potentialis1
mḫꜣ.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
mḫꜣ.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
mḫꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mḫꜣ mḫꜣ , mḫꜣw 5 , mḫꜣy 5
imperfective
mḫꜣ , mḫꜣy , mḫꜣw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mḫꜣ , mḫꜣj 6 , mḫꜣy 6 mḫꜣ , mḫꜣw 5
prospective
mḫꜣ , mḫꜣtj 7 —
mḫꜣtj 4 , mḫꜣt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
m
( Late Egyptian ) binding rope ( Late Egyptian ) part of a chariot :loop of rope , strap ?
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲙϣⲓ ( amši ) m
( Late Egyptian ) woodshed
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
m
( Late Egyptian ) a unit by which figs are counted , perhaps wreath of figs
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
“mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74230) ”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74240) ”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74280) ”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74260) ”, and “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74250) Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae [1] 2004–26 July 2023 Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1928 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [2] →ISBN pages 130.1–130.6, 130.14–131.5 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 115 Gardiner, Alan (1916) Notes on the Story of Sinuhe , page 49
^ Gardiner, Alan (1916) Notes on the Story of Sinuhe , page 49
