luhistaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]luho (“broken, useless”) (dialectal) + -istaa; the root is related to Karelian luho and dialectal Estonian luhkuma, possibly from Proto-Finnic *luho.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]luhistaa
- (transitive) to collapse (to cause to collapse)
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of luhistaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | luhistan | en luhista | 1st sing. | olen luhistanut | en ole luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luhistat | et luhista | 2nd sing. | olet luhistanut | et ole luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luhistaa | ei luhista | 3rd sing. | on luhistanut | ei ole luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luhistamme | emme luhista | 1st plur. | olemme luhistaneet | emme ole luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luhistatte | ette luhista | 2nd plur. | olette luhistaneet | ette ole luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luhistavat | eivät luhista | 3rd plur. | ovat luhistaneet | eivät ole luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luhistetaan | ei luhisteta | passive | on luhistettu | ei ole luhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | luhistin | en luhistanut | 1st sing. | olin luhistanut | en ollut luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luhistit | et luhistanut | 2nd sing. | olit luhistanut | et ollut luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luhisti | ei luhistanut | 3rd sing. | oli luhistanut | ei ollut luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luhistimme | emme luhistaneet | 1st plur. | olimme luhistaneet | emme olleet luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luhistitte | ette luhistaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte luhistaneet | ette olleet luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luhistivat | eivät luhistaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat luhistaneet | eivät olleet luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luhistettiin | ei luhistettu | passive | oli luhistettu | ei ollut luhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | luhistaisin | en luhistaisi | 1st sing. | olisin luhistanut | en olisi luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luhistaisit | et luhistaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit luhistanut | et olisi luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luhistaisi | ei luhistaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi luhistanut | ei olisi luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luhistaisimme | emme luhistaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme luhistaneet | emme olisi luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luhistaisitte | ette luhistaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte luhistaneet | ette olisi luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luhistaisivat | eivät luhistaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat luhistaneet | eivät olisi luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luhistettaisiin | ei luhistettaisi | passive | olisi luhistettu | ei olisi luhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luhista | älä luhista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luhistakoon | älköön luhistako | 3rd sing. | olkoon luhistanut | älköön olko luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luhistakaamme | älkäämme luhistako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luhistakaa | älkää luhistako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luhistakoot | älkööt luhistako | 3rd plur. | olkoot luhistaneet | älkööt olko luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luhistettakoon | älköön luhistettako | passive | olkoon luhistettu | älköön olko luhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | luhistanen | en luhistane | 1st sing. | lienen luhistanut | en liene luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | luhistanet | et luhistane | 2nd sing. | lienet luhistanut | et liene luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | luhistanee | ei luhistane | 3rd sing. | lienee luhistanut | ei liene luhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | luhistanemme | emme luhistane | 1st plur. | lienemme luhistaneet | emme liene luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | luhistanette | ette luhistane | 2nd plur. | lienette luhistaneet | ette liene luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | luhistanevat | eivät luhistane | 3rd plur. | lienevät luhistaneet | eivät liene luhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | luhistettaneen | ei luhistettane | passive | lienee luhistettu | ei liene luhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | luhistaa | present | luhistava | luhistettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | luhistanut | luhistettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | luhistaessa | luhistettaessa | agent4 | luhistama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | luhistamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | luhistaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | luhistamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | luhistamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | luhistamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | luhistamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | luhistamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | luhistaman | luhistettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | luhistaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
Further reading
[edit]- “luhistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03