limpidus

Latin

Etymology

Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“to shine”) and so cognate with Old Norse leiptr (“lightning”), Lithuanian liepsnà (“flame”), Ancient Greek λάμπω (lámpō, “to shine”), Lithuanian lópė (“light”), Latvian lāpa (“torch”).^[1] Another theory links the word to limpor (“clear liquid”) and/or lympha (“clear river water”). Finally, an alternative theory derives the word, perhaps via a dialectal Sabellic form, from an unattested *limpē (“to be liquid”), from Proto-Italic *linkʷē, itself related to *linkʷō (“to leave”).^[2]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈlim.pi.dus/, [ˈlʲɪmpɪd̪ʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlim.pi.dus/, [ˈlimpid̪us]

Adjective

limpidus (feminine limpida, neuter limpidum, superlative limpidissimus); first/second-declension adjective

clear, bright, transparent, limpid
(Late Latin) clean

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	limpidus	limpida	limpidum	limpidī	limpidae	limpida
genitive	limpidī	limpidae	limpidī	limpidōrum	limpidārum	limpidōrum
dative	limpidō	limpidae	limpidō	limpidīs
accusative	limpidum	limpidam	limpidum	limpidōs	limpidās	limpida
ablative	limpidō	limpidā	limpidō	limpidīs
vocative	limpide	limpida	limpidum	limpidī	limpidae	limpida

Derived terms

limpidō

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: limpid, limpidu, limpidi, limpide, limbid, limbit
- Romanian: limpede
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: limpidu, limpiu
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: limpiu
- Italian: lémporo (western Tuscany)
North Italian:
- Friulian: limpi
- Istriot: leînpio
Occitano-Romance:
- Gascon: limpe
- Occitan: linde
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: llimpiu
- Galician: limpo
- Portuguese: limpo
- Spanish: limpio
Borrowings:
- → French: limpide
  - → English: limpid
- → Italian: limpido
- → Portuguese: límpido
- → Romanian: limpid
- → Spanish: límpido

References

Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/ˈlɪmpid-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “limpidus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 33
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 342