lenaid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *linati, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈl͈ʲenɨðʲ]

Verb

lenaid (conjunct ·len, verbal noun lenamain)

1. to stick, cling [with di ‘to’]
2. to follow [with di]
3. to remain
4. to continue, to survive

Inflection

Simple, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite, i future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Abs.			lenid, lenaid			lenit
	Conj.			·len				·lentar
	Rel.
Imperfect indicative
Preterite	Abs.			lilis
	Conj.			·lil			·leltar, ·leldar
	Rel.
Perfect	Deut.			ro·lil			ro·leltar
	Prot.
Future	Abs.		lile				lilit
	Conj.
	Rel.			liles
Conditional
Present subjunctive	Abs.		lia[e]
	Conj.			·lia
	Rel.
Past subjunctive				·liad
Imperative
Verbal noun		lenamain
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Quotations

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10^a5

  Mainip in chrud so bid anglan for cland, .i. a lliles dind ancretmiuch bid ancretmech.

  Unless it is in this way, your children will be unclean, i.e. whatever follows the unbelieving will be unbelieving.

• c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 54^d7

  Ro·lil dím m’ernigde ⁊ ní dechuid húaim.

  My prayer clung to me and did not go from me.

Derived terms

• as·lena

Descendants

• Irish: lean
• Scottish Gaelic: lean

Mutation

Mutation of lenaid

radical	lenition	nasalization
lenaid also llenaid after a proclitic ending in a vowel	lenaid pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lenaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 565