karaista
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Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kargaictak.
Verb
[edit]karaista
- (transitive) to harden, to toughen up (character, personality, etc.)
- (proscribed) Synonym of karkaista
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of karaista (Kotus type 66/rohkaista, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisen | en karaise | 1st sing. | olen karaissut | en ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaiset | et karaise | 2nd sing. | olet karaissut | et ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisee | ei karaise | 3rd sing. | on karaissut | ei ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisemme | emme karaise | 1st plur. | olemme karaisseet | emme ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisette | ette karaise | 2nd plur. | olette karaisseet | ette ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisevat | eivät karaise | 3rd plur. | ovat karaisseet | eivät ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaan | ei karaista | passive | on karaistu | ei ole karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisin | en karaissut | 1st sing. | olin karaissut | en ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisit | et karaissut | 2nd sing. | olit karaissut | et ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisi | ei karaissut | 3rd sing. | oli karaissut | ei ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisimme | emme karaisseet | 1st plur. | olimme karaisseet | emme olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisitte | ette karaisseet | 2nd plur. | olitte karaisseet | ette olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisivat | eivät karaisseet | 3rd plur. | olivat karaisseet | eivät olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistiin | ei karaistu | passive | oli karaistu | ei ollut karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisisin | en karaisisi | 1st sing. | olisin karaissut | en olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisisit | et karaisisi | 2nd sing. | olisit karaissut | et olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisisi | ei karaisisi | 3rd sing. | olisi karaissut | ei olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisisimme | emme karaisisi | 1st plur. | olisimme karaisseet | emme olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisisitte | ette karaisisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte karaisseet | ette olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisisivat | eivät karaisisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat karaisseet | eivät olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaisiin | ei karaistaisi | passive | olisi karaistu | ei olisi karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaise | älä karaise | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaiskoon | älköön karaisko | 3rd sing. | olkoon karaissut | älköön olko karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaiskaamme | älkäämme karaisko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaiskaa | älkää karaisko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaiskoot | älkööt karaisko | 3rd plur. | olkoot karaisseet | älkööt olko karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistakoon | älköön karaistako | passive | olkoon karaistu | älköön olko karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaissen | en karaisse | 1st sing. | lienen karaissut | en liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisset | et karaisse | 2nd sing. | lienet karaissut | et liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaissee | ei karaisse | 3rd sing. | lienee karaissut | ei liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaissemme | emme karaisse | 1st plur. | lienemme karaisseet | emme liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaissette | ette karaisse | 2nd plur. | lienette karaisseet | ette liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaissevat | eivät karaisse | 3rd plur. | lienevät karaisseet | eivät liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaneen | ei karaistane | passive | lienee karaistu | ei liene karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | karaista | present | karaiseva | karaistava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | karaissut | karaistu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | karaistessa | karaistaessa | agent4 | karaisema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | karaisematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karaisten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | karaisemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | karaisemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | karaisemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | karaisemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | karaisematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karaiseman | karaistaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | karaiseminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “1. karaista”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2024-08-19
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]karaista
- (transitive) to make a brief rustling noise
- karaista kurkkuaan ― to clear one's throat
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of karaista (Kotus type 66/rohkaista, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisen | en karaise | 1st sing. | olen karaissut | en ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaiset | et karaise | 2nd sing. | olet karaissut | et ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisee | ei karaise | 3rd sing. | on karaissut | ei ole karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisemme | emme karaise | 1st plur. | olemme karaisseet | emme ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisette | ette karaise | 2nd plur. | olette karaisseet | ette ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisevat | eivät karaise | 3rd plur. | ovat karaisseet | eivät ole karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaan | ei karaista | passive | on karaistu | ei ole karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisin | en karaissut | 1st sing. | olin karaissut | en ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisit | et karaissut | 2nd sing. | olit karaissut | et ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisi | ei karaissut | 3rd sing. | oli karaissut | ei ollut karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisimme | emme karaisseet | 1st plur. | olimme karaisseet | emme olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisitte | ette karaisseet | 2nd plur. | olitte karaisseet | ette olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisivat | eivät karaisseet | 3rd plur. | olivat karaisseet | eivät olleet karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistiin | ei karaistu | passive | oli karaistu | ei ollut karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaisisin | en karaisisi | 1st sing. | olisin karaissut | en olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisisit | et karaisisi | 2nd sing. | olisit karaissut | et olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaisisi | ei karaisisi | 3rd sing. | olisi karaissut | ei olisi karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaisisimme | emme karaisisi | 1st plur. | olisimme karaisseet | emme olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaisisitte | ette karaisisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte karaisseet | ette olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaisisivat | eivät karaisisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat karaisseet | eivät olisi karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaisiin | ei karaistaisi | passive | olisi karaistu | ei olisi karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaise | älä karaise | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaiskoon | älköön karaisko | 3rd sing. | olkoon karaissut | älköön olko karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaiskaamme | älkäämme karaisko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaiskaa | älkää karaisko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaiskoot | älkööt karaisko | 3rd plur. | olkoot karaisseet | älkööt olko karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistakoon | älköön karaistako | passive | olkoon karaistu | älköön olko karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | karaissen | en karaisse | 1st sing. | lienen karaissut | en liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | karaisset | et karaisse | 2nd sing. | lienet karaissut | et liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | karaissee | ei karaisse | 3rd sing. | lienee karaissut | ei liene karaissut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | karaissemme | emme karaisse | 1st plur. | lienemme karaisseet | emme liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | karaissette | ette karaisse | 2nd plur. | lienette karaisseet | ette liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | karaissevat | eivät karaisse | 3rd plur. | lienevät karaisseet | eivät liene karaisseet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | karaistaneen | ei karaistane | passive | lienee karaistu | ei liene karaistu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | karaista | present | karaiseva | karaistava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | karaissut | karaistu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | karaistessa | karaistaessa | agent4 | karaisema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | karaisematon | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karaisten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | karaisemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | karaisemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | karaisemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | karaisemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | karaisematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | karaiseman | karaistaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | karaiseminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Further reading
[edit]- “2. karaista”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2024-08-19
Anagrams
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrɑistɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrɑistɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- Finnish rohkaista-type verbs
- Finnish terms suffixed with -aista
- Finnish terms with collocations