kangistua

Finnish

Etymology

kangistaa +‎ -ua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑŋːistuɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝ŋːis̠ˌtuɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -uɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): kan‧gis‧tua

Verb

kangistua

1. (intransitive) to stiffen
2. (intransitive, figuratively) to ossify, to become inflexible (of a habit or opinion)

Conjugation

Inflection of kangistua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kangistun	en kangistu	1st sing.	olen kangistunut	en ole kangistunut
2nd sing.		kangistut	et kangistu	2nd sing.	olet kangistunut	et ole kangistunut
3rd sing.		kangistuu	ei kangistu	3rd sing.	on kangistunut	ei ole kangistunut
1st plur.		kangistumme	emme kangistu	1st plur.	olemme kangistuneet	emme ole kangistuneet
2nd plur.		kangistutte	ette kangistu	2nd plur.	olette kangistuneet	ette ole kangistuneet
3rd plur.		kangistuvat	eivät kangistu	3rd plur.	ovat kangistuneet	eivät ole kangistuneet
passive		kangistutaan	ei kangistuta	passive	on kangistuttu	ei ole kangistuttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kangistuin	en kangistunut	1st sing.	olin kangistunut	en ollut kangistunut
2nd sing.		kangistuit	et kangistunut	2nd sing.	olit kangistunut	et ollut kangistunut
3rd sing.		kangistui	ei kangistunut	3rd sing.	oli kangistunut	ei ollut kangistunut
1st plur.		kangistuimme	emme kangistuneet	1st plur.	olimme kangistuneet	emme olleet kangistuneet
2nd plur.		kangistuitte	ette kangistuneet	2nd plur.	olitte kangistuneet	ette olleet kangistuneet
3rd plur.		kangistuivat	eivät kangistuneet	3rd plur.	olivat kangistuneet	eivät olleet kangistuneet
passive		kangistuttiin	ei kangistuttu	passive	oli kangistuttu	ei ollut kangistuttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kangistuisin	en kangistuisi	1st sing.	olisin kangistunut	en olisi kangistunut
2nd sing.		kangistuisit	et kangistuisi	2nd sing.	olisit kangistunut	et olisi kangistunut
3rd sing.		kangistuisi	ei kangistuisi	3rd sing.	olisi kangistunut	ei olisi kangistunut
1st plur.		kangistuisimme	emme kangistuisi	1st plur.	olisimme kangistuneet	emme olisi kangistuneet
2nd plur.		kangistuisitte	ette kangistuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kangistuneet	ette olisi kangistuneet
3rd plur.		kangistuisivat	eivät kangistuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kangistuneet	eivät olisi kangistuneet
passive		kangistuttaisiin	ei kangistuttaisi	passive	olisi kangistuttu	ei olisi kangistuttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kangistu	älä kangistu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kangistukoon	älköön kangistuko	3rd sing.	olkoon kangistunut	älköön olko kangistunut
1st plur.		kangistukaamme	älkäämme kangistuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kangistukaa	älkää kangistuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kangistukoot	älkööt kangistuko	3rd plur.	olkoot kangistuneet	älkööt olko kangistuneet
passive		kangistuttakoon	älköön kangistuttako	passive	olkoon kangistuttu	älköön olko kangistuttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kangistunen	en kangistune	1st sing.	lienen kangistunut	en liene kangistunut
2nd sing.		kangistunet	et kangistune	2nd sing.	lienet kangistunut	et liene kangistunut
3rd sing.		kangistunee	ei kangistune	3rd sing.	lienee kangistunut	ei liene kangistunut
1st plur.		kangistunemme	emme kangistune	1st plur.	lienemme kangistuneet	emme liene kangistuneet
2nd plur.		kangistunette	ette kangistune	2nd plur.	lienette kangistuneet	ette liene kangistuneet
3rd plur.		kangistunevat	eivät kangistune	3rd plur.	lienevät kangistuneet	eivät liene kangistuneet
passive		kangistuttaneen	ei kangistuttane	passive	lienee kangistuttu	ei liene kangistuttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kangistua		present	kangistuva	kangistuttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kangistuakseni kangistuaksemme 2nd kangistuaksesi kangistuaksenne 3rd kangistuakseen kangistuaksensa		past	kangistunut	kangistuttu
2nd	inessive2	kangistuessa	kangistuttaessa	agent4	kangistuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kangistuessani kangistuessamme 2nd kangistuessasi kangistuessanne 3rd kangistuessaan kangistuessansa		negative	kangistumaton
	instructive	kangistuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	kangistumassa	—
	elative	kangistumasta	—
	illative	kangistumaan	—
	adessive	kangistumalla	—
	abessive	kangistumatta	—
	instructive	kangistuman	kangistuttaman
4th3	verbal noun	kangistuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kangistumaisillani kangistumaisillamme 2nd kangistumaisillasi kangistumaisillanne 3rd kangistumaisillaan kangistumaisillansa

Derived terms

• kangistuminen

 

Further reading

• “kangistua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• kangastui