jwh

See also: jwḥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iuːh/
  • Conventional anglicization: iuh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive or reflexive) to load, to burden (someone) (+ m or ẖr: with (something)) [Second Intermediate Period to Greco-Roman Period]
   • c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033) :

     jwh.jn sw ẖnmw m pꜣ jt

     Then Khnum loaded himself with the barley.

2. (transitive) to bear, to carry (something) [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jwh (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jwh, geminated stem: jwhh

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural jwh jwhw, jwh jwht jwh jwh ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 jwh ḥr jwh m jwh r jwh suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect jwh.n jwhw, jwh consecutive jwh.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative jwht perfective3 jwh active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 jwh.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective jwh active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 jwh jwhh potentialis1 jwh.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive jwh active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect jwh.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective jwh active + .tj1, .tw2 jwh jwh, jwhw5, jwhy5 imperfective jwh, jwhy, jwhw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 jwh, jwhj6, jwhy6 jwh, jwhw5 prospective jwh, jwhtj7 — jwhtj4, jwht4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwh  

jwhꜣ	jwh
[New Kingdom]	[Greco-Roman Period]
in hieratic

References

• “jwh (lemma ID 22990)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 56.17–56.22
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 14