jwḥ

See also: jwh

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iuːh/
  • Conventional anglicization: iuh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to moisten, to wet (something) (+ m: with) [since the Middle Kingdom]
2. (transitive) to water (plants, fields, barren land), including by flood [since the Middle Kingdom]
3. (transitive) to sprinkle or apply (a liquid healing substance) (+ m: on or in) [Medical Papyri]
4. (transitive) to make an offering of (water, beer, or another liquid) [since the New Kingdom]
5. (intransitive) to weep, to cry, to mourn [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of jwḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jwḥ, geminated stem: jwḥḥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jwḥ	jwḥw, jwḥ	jwḥt	jwḥ	jwḥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jwḥ	ḥr jwḥ	m jwḥ	r jwḥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	jwḥ.n	jwḥw, jwḥ	consecutive	jwḥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	jwḥt
perfective3	jwḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	jwḥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	jwḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	jwḥ	jwḥḥ	potentialis1	jwḥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	jwḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jwḥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	jwḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	jwḥ	jwḥ, jwḥw5, jwḥy5
imperfective	jwḥ, jwḥy, jwḥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	jwḥ, jwḥj6, jwḥy6	jwḥ, jwḥw5
prospective	jwḥ, jwḥtj7	—	jwḥtj4, jwḥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwḥ  

jwḥ	jwḥ	jwḥ	jwḥꜥ
	[18th Dynasty]	[New Kingdom]	[since the 19th Dynasty]

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwḥ  

jwḥ	jw	jwḥꜥ	jwḥ	jwḥꜥ
[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
			in sense ‘weep’	in sense ‘weep’

Derived terms

• jwḥw
• jwḥ m zšn

References

• “jwḥ (lemma ID 23000)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 57.1–57.8, 57.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 14
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 244