jꜣq

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iɑk/
  • Conventional anglicization: iaq

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to climb up, to ascend (+ r: to; + ḥr: on, by means of (a ladder)) [Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Conjugation of jꜣq (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jꜣq, geminated stem: jꜣqq

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jꜣq	jꜣqw, jꜣq	jꜣqt	jꜣq	jꜣq

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jꜣq	ḥr jꜣq	m jꜣq	r jꜣq

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	jꜣq.n	consecutive	jꜣq.jn
terminative	jꜣqt
perfective3	jꜣq	obligative1	jꜣq.ḫr
imperfective	jꜣq
prospective3	jꜣq	potentialis1	jꜣq.kꜣ
subjunctive	jꜣq

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	jꜣq.n	—	—
perfective	jꜣq	jꜣq	jꜣq, jꜣqw5, jꜣqy5
imperfective	jꜣq, jꜣqy, jꜣqw5	jꜣq, jꜣqj6, jꜣqy6	jꜣq, jꜣqw5
prospective	jꜣq, jꜣqtj7	jꜣqtj4, jꜣqt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣq  

jꜣq	ꜣq

Derived terms

• mꜣqt

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive, hapax) to leap

Usage notes

The reading of this word is uncertain.

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 33.15–33.18
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 9