incutio

Latin

Etymology

From in- +‎ quatiō (“I shake”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /inˈku.ti.oː/, [ɪŋˈkʊt̪ioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈkut.t͡si.o/, [iŋˈkut̪ː͡s̪io]

Verb

incutiō (present infinitive incutere, perfect active incussī, supine incussum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to strike on, against, into
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.69–70:

     “Incute vim ventīs submersāsque obrue puppēs,
     aut age dīversōs et disice corpora pontō.”

     “Strike force against [them] with [your] winds, sink and overwhelm [the Trojan] ship-decks, and otherwise drive [their fleet] in divergent [directions] and dislocate [the sailors’] bodies in the deepest sea.”
     (Juno wants Aeolus (son of Hippotes), King of the Winds, to destroy the Trojan fleet now sailing to Italy. Note: The phrases “submersasque obrue” and “diversos et disice” both exemplify prolepsis, a reversal of the normal order of events.)

2. to inspire with, inflict, excite

Conjugation

   Conjugation of incutiō (third conjugation iō-variant)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	incutiō	incutis	incutit	incutimus	incutitis	incutiunt
	imperfect	incutiēbam	incutiēbās	incutiēbat	incutiēbāmus	incutiēbātis	incutiēbant
	future	incutiam	incutiēs	incutiet	incutiēmus	incutiētis	incutient
	perfect	incussī	incussistī	incussit	incussimus	incussistis	incussērunt, incussēre
	pluperfect	incusseram	incusserās	incusserat	incusserāmus	incusserātis	incusserant
	future perfect	incusserō	incusseris	incusserit	incusserimus	incusseritis	incusserint
passive	present	incutior	incuteris, incutere	incutitur	incutimur	incutiminī	incutiuntur
	imperfect	incutiēbar	incutiēbāris, incutiēbāre	incutiēbātur	incutiēbāmur	incutiēbāminī	incutiēbantur
	future	incutiar	incutiēris, incutiēre	incutiētur	incutiēmur	incutiēminī	incutientur
	perfect	incussus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	incussus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	incussus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	incutiam	incutiās	incutiat	incutiāmus	incutiātis	incutiant
imperfect	incuterem	incuterēs	incuteret	incuterēmus	incuterētis	incuterent
perfect	incusserim	incusserīs	incusserit	incusserīmus	incusserītis	incusserint
pluperfect	incussissem	incussissēs	incussisset	incussissēmus	incussissētis	incussissent
passive	present	incutiar	incutiāris, incutiāre	incutiātur	incutiāmur	incutiāminī	incutiantur
imperfect	incuterer	incuterēris, incuterēre	incuterētur	incuterēmur	incuterēminī	incuterentur
perfect	incussus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	incussus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	incute	—	—	incutite	—
	future	—	incutitō	incutitō	—	incutitōte	incutiuntō
passive	present	—	incutere	—	—	incutiminī	—
	future	—	incutitor	incutitor	—	—	incutiuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		incutere	incussisse	incussūrum esse	incutī	incussum esse	incussum īrī
participles		incutiēns	—	incussūrus	—	incussus	incutiendus, incutiundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		incutiendī	incutiendō	incutiendum	incutiendō	incussum	incussū

Descendants

• → Italian: incutere (learned)

References

• “incutio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “incutio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• incutio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to inspire fear, terror: timorem, terrorem alicui inicere, more strongly incutere
    
  • to inspire some one with religious scruples: religionem alicui afferre, inicere, incutere