hressa

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hressa.

Verb

hressa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hressti, supine hresst)

1. to refresh

Conjugation

hressa — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að hressa
supine (sagnbót)		hresst
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		hressandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég hressi	við hressum	present (nútíð)	ég hressi	við hressum
	þú hressir	þið hressið		þú hressir	þið hressið
	hann, hún, það hressir	þeir, þær, þau hressa		hann, hún, það hressi	þeir, þær, þau hressi
past (þátíð)	ég hressti	við hresstum	past (þátíð)	ég hressti	við hresstum
	þú hresstir	þið hresstuð		þú hresstir	þið hresstuð
	hann, hún, það hressti	þeir, þær, þau hresstu		hann, hún, það hressti	þeir, þær, þau hresstu
imperative (boðháttur)	hress (þú)	hressið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	hresstu	hressiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

hressast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að hressast
supine (sagnbót)		hresst
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		hressandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég hressist	við hressumst	present (nútíð)	ég hressist	við hressumst
	þú hressist	þið hressist		þú hressist	þið hressist
	hann, hún, það hressist	þeir, þær, þau hressast		hann, hún, það hressist	þeir, þær, þau hressist
past (þátíð)	ég hresstist	við hresstumst	past (þátíð)	ég hresstist	við hresstumst
	þú hresstist	þið hresstust		þú hresstist	þið hresstust
	hann, hún, það hresstist	þeir, þær, þau hresstust		hann, hún, það hresstist	þeir, þær, þau hresstust
imperative (boðháttur)	hresst (þú)	hressist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	hresstu	hressisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

hresstur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hresstur	hresst	hresst		hresstir	hresstar	hresst
accusative (þolfall)	hresstan	hressta	hresst		hressta	hresstar	hresst
dative (þágufall)	hresstum	hresstri	hresstu		hresstum	hresstum	hresstum
genitive (eignarfall)	hressts	hresstrar	hressts		hresstra	hresstra	hresstra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hressti	hressta	hressta		hresstu	hresstu	hresstu
accusative (þolfall)	hressta	hresstu	hressta		hresstu	hresstu	hresstu
dative (þágufall)	hressta	hresstu	hressta		hresstu	hresstu	hresstu
genitive (eignarfall)	hressta	hresstu	hressta		hresstu	hresstu	hresstu

Old Norse

Etymology

From hress (“in good spirits, at health”).

Verb

hressa

1. to refresh, cheer
2. (reflexive) to regain strength
3. to restore

Conjugation

Conjugation of hressa — active (weak class 1)

infinitive	hressa
present participle	hressandi
past participle	hrestr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	hressi	hresta
2nd-person singular	hressir	hrestir
3rd-person singular	hressir	hresti
1st-person plural	hressum	hrestum
2nd-person plural	hressið	hrestuð
3rd-person plural	hressa	hrestu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	hressa	hresta
2nd-person singular	hressir	hrestir
3rd-person singular	hressi	hresti
1st-person plural	hressim	hrestim
2nd-person plural	hressið	hrestið
3rd-person plural	hressi	hresti
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	hress, hressi
1st-person plural	hressum
2nd-person plural	hressið

Conjugation of hressa — mediopassive (weak class 1)

infinitive	hressask
present participle	hressandisk
past participle	hresk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	hressumk	hrestumk
2nd-person singular	hressisk	hrestisk
3rd-person singular	hressisk	hrestisk
1st-person plural	hressumsk	hrestumsk
2nd-person plural	hressizk	hrestuzk
3rd-person plural	hressask	hrestusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	hressumk	hrestumk
2nd-person singular	hressisk	hrestisk
3rd-person singular	hressisk	hrestisk
1st-person plural	hressimsk	hrestimsk
2nd-person plural	hressizk	hrestizk
3rd-person plural	hressisk	hrestisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	hresk, hressisk
1st-person plural	hressumsk
2nd-person plural	hressizk

Adjective

hressa

1. inflection of hress:
   1. positive degree strong feminine accusative singular
   2. positive degree strong masculine accusative plural
   3. positive degree strong genitive plural
   4. positive degree weak masculine oblique singular
   5. positive degree weak feminine nominative singular
   6. positive degree weak neuter singular

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hressa”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive