hafif
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ottoman Turkish خفیف (ḫafif, “light in weight or degree, foolish, undignified, immoral, quick, sharp”),[1][2] from Arabic خَفِيف (ḵafīf).[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]hafif
- Having little weight; light, not heavy.
- Not difficult or tiring; easy.
- Lacking solemnity, not serious; carefree, frivolous.
- (of food) Easy to digest, having few calories.
- Of little intensity or effect, not strong; weak, soft.
- Having little importance; insignificant.
- (of an incline) Not too steep, soft.
Declension
[edit]| present tense | ||
|---|---|---|
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I am) | hafifim | hafif miyim? |
| sen (you are) | hafifsin | hafif misin? |
| o (he/she/it is) | hafif / hafiftir | hafif mi? |
| biz (we are) | hafifiz | hafif miyiz? |
| siz (you are) | hafifsiniz | hafif misiniz? |
| onlar (they are) | hafif(ler) | hafif(ler) mi? |
| past tense | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I was) | hafiftim | hafif miydim? |
| sen (you were) | hafiftin | hafif miydin? |
| o (he/she/it was) | hafifti | hafif miydi? |
| biz (we were) | hafiftik | hafif miydik? |
| siz (you were) | hafiftiniz | hafif miydiniz? |
| onlar (they were) | hafiftiler | hafif miydiler? |
| indirect past | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (I was) | hafifmişim | hafif miymişim? |
| sen (you were) | hafifmişsin | hafif miymişsin? |
| o (he/she/it was) | hafifmiş | hafif miymiş? |
| biz (we were) | hafifmişiz | hafif miymişiz? |
| siz (you were) | hafifmişsiniz | hafif miymişsiniz? |
| onlar (they were) | hafifmişler | hafif miymişler? |
| conditional | ||
| positive declarative | positive interrogative | |
| ben (if I) | hafifsem | hafif miysem? |
| sen (if you) | hafifsen | hafif miysen? |
| o (if he/she/it) | hafifse | hafif miyse? |
| biz (if we) | hafifsek | hafif miysek? |
| siz (if you) | hafifseniz | hafif miyseniz? |
| onlar (if they) | hafifseler | hafif miyseler? |
For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.
Adverb
[edit]hafif
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خفیف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 857
- ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “خفیف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 547
- ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hafif”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Further reading
[edit]- “hafif”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hafif¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1835