gwinqa

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡwiːᵑǃa/

Verb

-gwinqa

1. (transitive) to swallow

   Synonym: -gwinya

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukugwinqa
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukugwinqa	ukungagwinqi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	gwinqa	-gwinqe
Plural	gwinqani	-gwinqeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyagwinqa, ngigwinqa	engigwinqayo, engigwinqa	ngigwinqa	angigwinqi	engingagwinqi	ngingagwinqi
2nd singular	uyagwinqa, ugwinqa	ogwinqayo, ogwinqa	ugwinqa	awugwinqi	ongagwinqi	ungagwinqi
1st plural	siyagwinqa, sigwinqa	esigwinqayo, esigwinqa	sigwinqa	asigwinqi	esingagwinqi	singagwinqi
2nd plural	niyagwinqa, nigwinqa	enigwinqayo, enigwinqa	nigwinqa	anigwinqi	eningagwinqi	ningagwinqi
Class 1	uyagwinqa, ugwinqa	ogwinqayo, ogwinqa	egwinqa	akagwinqi	ongagwinqi	engagwinqi
Class 2	bayagwinqa, bagwinqa	abagwinqayo, abagwinqa	begwinqa	abagwinqi	abangagwinqi	bengagwinqi
Class 3	uyagwinqa, ugwinqa	ogwinqayo, ogwinqa	ugwinqa	awugwinqi	ongagwinqi	ungagwinqi
Class 4	iyagwinqa, igwinqa	egwinqayo, egwinqa	igwinqa	ayigwinqi	engagwinqi	ingagwinqi
Class 5	liyagwinqa, ligwinqa	eligwinqayo, eligwinqa	ligwinqa	aligwinqi	elingagwinqi	lingagwinqi
Class 6	ayagwinqa, agwinqa	agwinqayo, agwinqa	egwinqa	awagwinqi	angagwinqi	engagwinqi
Class 7	siyagwinqa, sigwinqa	esigwinqayo, esigwinqa	sigwinqa	asigwinqi	esingagwinqi	singagwinqi
Class 8	ziyagwinqa, zigwinqa	ezigwinqayo, ezigwinqa	zigwinqa	azigwinqi	ezingagwinqi	zingagwinqi
Class 9	iyagwinqa, igwinqa	egwinqayo, egwinqa	igwinqa	ayigwinqi	engagwinqi	ingagwinqi
Class 10	ziyagwinqa, zigwinqa	ezigwinqayo, ezigwinqa	zigwinqa	azigwinqi	ezingagwinqi	zingagwinqi
Class 11	luyagwinqa, lugwinqa	olugwinqayo, olugwinqa	lugwinqa	alugwinqi	olungagwinqi	lungagwinqi
Class 14	buyagwinqa, bugwinqa	obugwinqayo, obugwinqa	bugwinqa	abugwinqi	obungagwinqi	bungagwinqi
Class 15	kuyagwinqa, kugwinqa	okugwinqayo, okugwinqa	kugwinqa	akugwinqi	okungagwinqi	kungagwinqi
Class 17	kuyagwinqa, kugwinqa	okugwinqayo, okugwinqa	kugwinqa	akugwinqi	okungagwinqi	kungagwinqi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngigwinqile, ngigwinqē	engigwinqile, engigwinqē	ngigwinqile, ngigwinqē	angigwinqanga	engingagwinqanga	ngingagwinqanga
2nd singular	ugwinqile, ugwinqē	ogwinqile, ogwinqē	ugwinqile, ugwinqē	awugwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	ungagwinqanga
1st plural	sigwinqile, sigwinqē	esigwinqile, esigwinqē	sigwinqile, sigwinqē	asigwinqanga	esingagwinqanga	singagwinqanga
2nd plural	nigwinqile, nigwinqē	enigwinqile, enigwinqē	nigwinqile, nigwinqē	anigwinqanga	eningagwinqanga	ningagwinqanga
Class 1	ugwinqile, ugwinqē	ogwinqile, ogwinqē	egwinqile, egwinqē	akagwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	engagwinqanga
Class 2	bagwinqile, bagwinqē	abagwinqile, abagwinqē	begwinqile, begwinqē	abagwinqanga	abangagwinqanga	bengagwinqanga
Class 3	ugwinqile, ugwinqē	ogwinqile, ogwinqē	ugwinqile, ugwinqē	awugwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	ungagwinqanga
Class 4	igwinqile, igwinqē	egwinqile, egwinqē	igwinqile, igwinqē	ayigwinqanga	engagwinqanga	ingagwinqanga
Class 5	ligwinqile, ligwinqē	eligwinqile, eligwinqē	ligwinqile, ligwinqē	aligwinqanga	elingagwinqanga	lingagwinqanga
Class 6	agwinqile, agwinqē	agwinqile, agwinqē	egwinqile, egwinqē	awagwinqanga	angagwinqanga	engagwinqanga
Class 7	sigwinqile, sigwinqē	esigwinqile, esigwinqē	sigwinqile, sigwinqē	asigwinqanga	esingagwinqanga	singagwinqanga
Class 8	zigwinqile, zigwinqē	ezigwinqile, ezigwinqē	zigwinqile, zigwinqē	azigwinqanga	ezingagwinqanga	zingagwinqanga
Class 9	igwinqile, igwinqē	egwinqile, egwinqē	igwinqile, igwinqē	ayigwinqanga	engagwinqanga	ingagwinqanga
Class 10	zigwinqile, zigwinqē	ezigwinqile, ezigwinqē	zigwinqile, zigwinqē	azigwinqanga	ezingagwinqanga	zingagwinqanga
Class 11	lugwinqile, lugwinqē	olugwinqile, olugwinqē	lugwinqile, lugwinqē	alugwinqanga	olungagwinqanga	lungagwinqanga
Class 14	bugwinqile, bugwinqē	obugwinqile, obugwinqē	bugwinqile, bugwinqē	abugwinqanga	obungagwinqanga	bungagwinqanga
Class 15	kugwinqile, kugwinqē	okugwinqile, okugwinqē	kugwinqile, kugwinqē	akugwinqanga	okungagwinqanga	kungagwinqanga
Class 17	kugwinqile, kugwinqē	okugwinqile, okugwinqē	kugwinqile, kugwinqē	akugwinqanga	okungagwinqanga	kungagwinqanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāgwinqa	engāgwinqa	ngāgwinqa	angigwinqanga	engingagwinqanga	ngingagwinqanga
2nd singular	wāgwinqa	owāgwinqa	wāgwinqa	awugwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	ungagwinqanga
1st plural	sāgwinqa	esāgwinqa	sāgwinqa	asigwinqanga	esingagwinqanga	singagwinqanga
2nd plural	nāgwinqa	enāgwinqa	nāgwinqa	anigwinqanga	eningagwinqanga	ningagwinqanga
Class 1	wāgwinqa	owāgwinqa	āgwinqa	akagwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	engagwinqanga
Class 2	bāgwinqa	abāgwinqa	bāgwinqa	abagwinqanga	abangagwinqanga	bengagwinqanga
Class 3	wāgwinqa	owāgwinqa	wāgwinqa	awugwinqanga	ongagwinqanga	ungagwinqanga
Class 4	yāgwinqa	eyāgwinqa	yāgwinqa	ayigwinqanga	engagwinqanga	ingagwinqanga
Class 5	lāgwinqa	elāgwinqa	lāgwinqa	aligwinqanga	elingagwinqanga	lingagwinqanga
Class 6	āgwinqa	āgwinqa	āgwinqa	awagwinqanga	angagwinqanga	engagwinqanga
Class 7	sāgwinqa	esāgwinqa	sāgwinqa	asigwinqanga	esingagwinqanga	singagwinqanga
Class 8	zāgwinqa	ezāgwinqa	zāgwinqa	azigwinqanga	ezingagwinqanga	zingagwinqanga
Class 9	yāgwinqa	eyāgwinqa	yāgwinqa	ayigwinqanga	engagwinqanga	ingagwinqanga
Class 10	zāgwinqa	ezāgwinqa	zāgwinqa	azigwinqanga	ezingagwinqanga	zingagwinqanga
Class 11	lwāgwinqa	olwāgwinqa	lwāgwinqa	alugwinqanga	olungagwinqanga	lungagwinqanga
Class 14	bāgwinqa	obāgwinqa	bāgwinqa	abugwinqanga	obungagwinqanga	bungagwinqanga
Class 15	kwāgwinqa	okwāgwinqa	kwāgwinqa	akugwinqanga	okungagwinqanga	kungagwinqanga
Class 17	kwāgwinqa	okwāgwinqa	kwāgwinqa	akugwinqanga	okungagwinqanga	kungagwinqanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingagwinqa	—	ngingagwinqa	ngingegwinqe	—	ngingegwinqe
2nd singular	ungagwinqa	—	ungagwinqa	ungegwinqe	—	ungegwinqe
1st plural	singagwinqa	—	singagwinqa	singegwinqe	—	singegwinqe
2nd plural	ningagwinqa	—	ningagwinqa	ningegwinqe	—	ningegwinqe
Class 1	angagwinqa	—	engagwinqa	angegwinqe	—	engegwinqe
Class 2	bangagwinqa	—	bengagwinqa	bangegwinqe	—	bengegwinqe
Class 3	ungagwinqa	—	ungagwinqa	ungegwinqe	—	ungegwinqe
Class 4	ingagwinqa	—	ingagwinqa	ingegwinqe	—	ingegwinqe
Class 5	lingagwinqa	—	lingagwinqa	lingegwinqe	—	lingegwinqe
Class 6	angagwinqa	—	engagwinqa	angegwinqe	—	engegwinqe
Class 7	singagwinqa	—	singagwinqa	singegwinqe	—	singegwinqe
Class 8	zingagwinqa	—	zingagwinqa	zingegwinqe	—	zingegwinqe
Class 9	ingagwinqa	—	ingagwinqa	ingegwinqe	—	ingegwinqe
Class 10	zingagwinqa	—	zingagwinqa	zingegwinqe	—	zingegwinqe
Class 11	lungagwinqa	—	lungagwinqa	lungegwinqe	—	lungegwinqe
Class 14	bungagwinqa	—	bungagwinqa	bungegwinqe	—	bungegwinqe
Class 15	kungagwinqa	—	kungagwinqa	kungegwinqe	—	kungegwinqe
Class 17	kungagwinqa	—	kungagwinqa	kungegwinqe	—	kungegwinqe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizogwinqa	engizogwinqa	ngizogwinqa	angizugwinqa	engingezugwinqa	ngingezugwinqa
2nd singular	uzogwinqa	ozogwinqa	uzogwinqa	awuzugwinqa	ongezugwinqa	ungezugwinqa
1st plural	sizogwinqa	esizogwinqa	sizogwinqa	asizugwinqa	esingezugwinqa	singezugwinqa
2nd plural	nizogwinqa	enizogwinqa	nizogwinqa	anizugwinqa	eningezugwinqa	ningezugwinqa
Class 1	uzogwinqa	ozogwinqa	ezogwinqa	akazugwinqa	ongezugwinqa	engezugwinqa
Class 2	bazogwinqa	abazogwinqa	bezogwinqa	abazugwinqa	abangezugwinqa	bengezugwinqa
Class 3	uzogwinqa	ozogwinqa	uzogwinqa	awuzugwinqa	ongezugwinqa	ungezugwinqa
Class 4	izogwinqa	ezogwinqa	izogwinqa	ayizugwinqa	engezugwinqa	ingezugwinqa
Class 5	lizogwinqa	elizogwinqa	lizogwinqa	alizugwinqa	elingezugwinqa	lingezugwinqa
Class 6	azogwinqa	azogwinqa	ezogwinqa	awazugwinqa	angezugwinqa	engezugwinqa
Class 7	sizogwinqa	esizogwinqa	sizogwinqa	asizugwinqa	esingezugwinqa	singezugwinqa
Class 8	zizogwinqa	ezizogwinqa	zizogwinqa	azizugwinqa	ezingezugwinqa	zingezugwinqa
Class 9	izogwinqa	ezogwinqa	izogwinqa	ayizugwinqa	engezugwinqa	ingezugwinqa
Class 10	zizogwinqa	ezizogwinqa	zizogwinqa	azizugwinqa	ezingezugwinqa	zingezugwinqa
Class 11	luzogwinqa	oluzogwinqa	luzogwinqa	aluzugwinqa	olungezugwinqa	lungezugwinqa
Class 14	buzogwinqa	obuzogwinqa	buzogwinqa	abuzugwinqa	obungezugwinqa	bungezugwinqa
Class 15	kuzogwinqa	okuzogwinqa	kuzogwinqa	akuzugwinqa	okungezugwinqa	kungezugwinqa
Class 17	kuzogwinqa	okuzogwinqa	kuzogwinqa	akuzugwinqa	okungezugwinqa	kungezugwinqa
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyogwinqa	engiyogwinqa	ngiyogwinqa	angiyugwinqa	engingeyugwinqa	ngingeyugwinqa
2nd singular	uyogwinqa	oyogwinqa	uyogwinqa	awuyugwinqa	ongeyugwinqa	ungeyugwinqa
1st plural	siyogwinqa	esiyogwinqa	siyogwinqa	asiyugwinqa	esingeyugwinqa	singeyugwinqa
2nd plural	niyogwinqa	eniyogwinqa	niyogwinqa	aniyugwinqa	eningeyugwinqa	ningeyugwinqa
Class 1	uyogwinqa	oyogwinqa	eyogwinqa	akayugwinqa	ongeyugwinqa	engeyugwinqa
Class 2	bayogwinqa	abayogwinqa	beyogwinqa	abayugwinqa	abangeyugwinqa	bengeyugwinqa
Class 3	uyogwinqa	oyogwinqa	uyogwinqa	awuyugwinqa	ongeyugwinqa	ungeyugwinqa
Class 4	iyogwinqa	eyogwinqa	iyogwinqa	ayiyugwinqa	engeyugwinqa	ingeyugwinqa
Class 5	liyogwinqa	eliyogwinqa	liyogwinqa	aliyugwinqa	elingeyugwinqa	lingeyugwinqa
Class 6	ayogwinqa	ayogwinqa	eyogwinqa	awayugwinqa	angeyugwinqa	engeyugwinqa
Class 7	siyogwinqa	esiyogwinqa	siyogwinqa	asiyugwinqa	esingeyugwinqa	singeyugwinqa
Class 8	ziyogwinqa	eziyogwinqa	ziyogwinqa	aziyugwinqa	ezingeyugwinqa	zingeyugwinqa
Class 9	iyogwinqa	eyogwinqa	iyogwinqa	ayiyugwinqa	engeyugwinqa	ingeyugwinqa
Class 10	ziyogwinqa	eziyogwinqa	ziyogwinqa	aziyugwinqa	ezingeyugwinqa	zingeyugwinqa
Class 11	luyogwinqa	oluyogwinqa	luyogwinqa	aluyugwinqa	olungeyugwinqa	lungeyugwinqa
Class 14	buyogwinqa	obuyogwinqa	buyogwinqa	abuyugwinqa	obungeyugwinqa	bungeyugwinqa
Class 15	kuyogwinqa	okuyogwinqa	kuyogwinqa	akuyugwinqa	okungeyugwinqa	kungeyugwinqa
Class 17	kuyogwinqa	okuyogwinqa	kuyogwinqa	akuyugwinqa	okungeyugwinqa	kungeyugwinqa
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngigwinqe	ngingagwinqi
2nd singular	ugwinqe	ungagwinqi
1st plural	sigwinqe	singagwinqi
2nd plural	nigwinqe	ningagwinqi
Class 1	agwinqe	angagwinqi
Class 2	bagwinqe	bangagwinqi
Class 3	ugwinqe	ungagwinqi
Class 4	igwinqe	ingagwinqi
Class 5	ligwinqe	lingagwinqi
Class 6	agwinqe	angagwinqi
Class 7	sigwinqe	singagwinqi
Class 8	zigwinqe	zingagwinqi
Class 9	igwinqe	ingagwinqi
Class 10	zigwinqe	zingagwinqi
Class 11	lugwinqe	lungagwinqi
Class 14	bugwinqe	bungagwinqi
Class 15	kugwinqe	kungagwinqi
Class 17	kugwinqe	kungagwinqi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngagwinqa	ngangagwinqa, angagwinqa, angangagwinqa
2nd singular	wagwinqa	wangagwinqa, awagwinqa, awangagwinqa
1st plural	sagwinqa	sangagwinqa, asagwinqa, asangagwinqa
2nd plural	nagwinqa	nangagwinqa, anagwinqa, anangagwinqa
Class 1	wagwinqa	wangagwinqa, akagwinqa, akangagwinqa
Class 2	bagwinqa	bangagwinqa, abagwinqa, abangagwinqa
Class 3	wagwinqa	wangagwinqa, awagwinqa, awangagwinqa
Class 4	yagwinqa	yangagwinqa, ayagwinqa, ayangagwinqa
Class 5	lagwinqa	langagwinqa, alagwinqa, alangagwinqa
Class 6	agwinqa	angagwinqa, awagwinqa, awangagwinqa
Class 7	sagwinqa	sangagwinqa, asagwinqa, asangagwinqa
Class 8	zagwinqa	zangagwinqa, azagwinqa, azangagwinqa
Class 9	yagwinqa	yangagwinqa, ayagwinqa, ayangagwinqa
Class 10	zagwinqa	zangagwinqa, azagwinqa, azangagwinqa
Class 11	lwagwinqa	lwangagwinqa, alwagwinqa, alwangagwinqa
Class 14	bagwinqa	bangagwinqa, abagwinqa, abangagwinqa
Class 15	kwagwinqa	kwangagwinqa, akwagwinqa, akwangagwinqa
Class 17	kwagwinqa	kwangagwinqa, akwagwinqa, akwangagwinqa

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gwinqa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gwinqa (6.3)”