geall
Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Munster) IPA(key): /ɟaul̪ˠ/
- (Aran) IPA(key): /ɟaːl̪ˠ/[1]
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /ɟɑːl̪ˠ/
- (Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /ɟal̪ˠ/
Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety”).[2]
Noun
[edit]geall m (genitive singular gill, nominative plural geallta)
- pledge, pawn, token
- bet, wager
- 1906, E.C. Quiggin, A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 74:
- bʹjuw gʹαL gə mʹɛ ʃə əNsə welʹə rĩv ə Nĩ:çə
- Bíodh geall go mbeidh sé insa bhaile roimh an oíche (conventional orthography)
- I bet you he will be home before night.
- (literally, “Let there be a bet that…”)
- asset, resource
- prize
Declension
[edit]
|
Derived terms
[edit]- geall le, i ngeall le (“dependent on; equal, equivalent, to; all but, almost”)
- de gheall ar (“for the sake of; disposed to, intending to”)
- i ngeall ar, mar gheall ar (“on account of; concerning”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Irish gellaid (“to pledge”), from gell (“pledge, surety”).[3]
Verb
[edit]geall (present analytic geallann, future analytic geallfaidh, verbal noun gealladh, past participle geallta) (transitive, intransitive)
Conjugation
[edit]* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
[edit]radical | lenition | eclipsis |
---|---|---|
geall | gheall | ngeall |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 131
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gellaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “geall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “geall”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 355
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “geall”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “geall”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Scottish Gaelic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).
Noun
[edit]geall m (genitive singular gill, plural gill)
Derived terms
[edit]- bùth-gheall f (“pawnshop”)
- cuir geall (“to bet, to wager”)
- geall-barantais m (“pledge; mortgage; bet”)
- geall-cheannaiche m (“pawnbroker”)
- geall-cinnidh m (“fine paid by one guilty of manslaughter to kinsmen of deceased”)
- geall-dìolaidh m (“mortgage”)
- geall-fhiachan m (“mortgage”)
- geall-meas m (“compensation for anything carried away or destroyed; estimate”)
- geall-réis m (“racing competition, games”)
- geall-spréidh m (“cattle-show”)
- geall-treabhaidh m (“ploughing-match”)
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Irish gellaid (“pledges oneself, vows, promises; pledges, wagers; gives in pledge; testifies”), from gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).
Verb
[edit]geall (past gheall, future geallaidh, verbal noun gealltainn or gealladh, past participle geallte)
Conjugation
[edit]singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | |||
independent | past | gheall mi | gheall thu | gheall e/i | gheall sinn | gheall sibh | gheall iad | ghealladh |
future | geallaidh mi | geallaidh tu | geallaidh e/i | geallaidh sinn | geallaidh sibh | geallaidh iad | geallar gealltar | |
conditional | gheallainn | ghealladh tu | ghealladh e/i | gheallamaid ghealladh sinn |
ghealladh sibh | ghealladh iad | ghealltadh gheallaist1 gheallaiste1 | |
negative | past | cha do gheall mi | cha do gheall thu | cha do gheall e/i | cha do gheall sinn | cha do gheall sibh | cha do gheall iad | cha do ghealladh |
future | cha gheall mi | cha gheall thu | cha gheall e/i | cha gheall sinn | cha gheall sibh | cha gheall iad | cha gheallar cha ghealltar | |
conditional | cha gheallainn | cha ghealladh tu | cha ghealladh e/i | cha gheallamaid cha ghealladh sinn |
cha ghealladh sibh | cha ghealladh iad | cha ghealltadh cha gheallaist1 cha gheallaiste1 | |
affirmative interrogative |
past | an do gheall mi? | an do gheall thu? | an do gheall e/i? | an do gheall sinn? | an do gheall sibh? | an do gheall iad? | an do ghealladh? |
future | an geall mi? | an geall thu? | an geall e/i? | an geall sinn? | an geall sibh? | an geall iad? | an geallar? an gealltar? | |
conditional | an geallainn? | an gealladh tu? | an gealladh e/i? | an geallamaid? an gealladh sinn? |
an gealladh sibh? | an gealladh iad? | an gealltadh? an geallaist?1 an geallaiste?1 | |
negative interrogative |
past | nach do gheall mi? | nach do gheall thu? | nach do gheall e/i? | nach do gheall sinn? | nach do gheall sibh? | nach do gheall iad? | nach do ghealladh? |
future | nach geall mi? | nach geall thu? | nach geall e/i? | nach geall sinn? | nach geall sibh? | nach geall iad? | nach geallar? nach gealltar? | |
conditional | nach geallainn? | nach gealladh tu? | nach gealladh e/i? | nach geallamaid? nach gealladh sinn? |
nach gealladh sibh? | nach gealladh iad? | nach gealltadh? nach geallaist?1 nach geallaiste?1 | |
relative future |
affirmative | (ma) gheallas mi | (ma) gheallas thu | (ma) gheallas e/i | (ma) gheallas sinn | (ma) gheallas sibh | (ma) gheallas iad | (ma) gheallar |
negative | (mur) geall mi | (mur) geall thu | (mur) geall e/i | (mur) geall sinn | (mur) geall sibh | (mur) geall iad | (mur) geallar (mur) gealltar | |
imperative | geallam | geall | gealladh e/i | geallamaid | geallaibh | gealladh iad | geallar gealltar | |
stem | geall | |||||||
verbal noun | gealladh/gealltainn | |||||||
past participle | geallte |
Related terms
[edit]- gealltanach (“hopeful, promising, promissory”)
- gealltanas (“assurance, pledge, promise”)
Mutation
[edit]radical | lenition |
---|---|
geall | gheall |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- Edward Dwelly (1911) “geall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary][1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gellaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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