gaisas
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Latvian gàiss (“air, atmosphere, sky”); further origin outside of Baltic uncertain.[1]
Beekes tentatively derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰeh₂i-so- and connects Ancient Greek φαιός (phaiós, “(dark) gray, blackish”); this is formally acceptable, but the semantic link is rather tenuous.
Derksen tentatively rejects the above derivation, and espouses Fraenkel's traditional derivation from an unattested Lithuanian *gaid-sas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰh₂eyd-, whence also giẽdras (“clear”), Ancient Greek φαιδρός (phaidrós, “bright, beaming”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]gaĩsas m (plural gaisaĩ) stress pattern 4
Declension
[edit]Declension of gaĩsas
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | gaĩsas | gaisaĩ |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | gaĩso | gaisų̃ |
| dative (naudininkas) | gaĩsui | gaisáms |
| accusative (galininkas) | gaĩsą | gaisùs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | gaisù | gaisaĩs |
| locative (vietininkas) | gaisè | gaisuosè |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | gaĩse | gaisaĩ |
Derived terms
[edit]- gaĩsras (“conflagration, fire”)
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gaisas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161
Further reading
[edit]- “gaisas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
- “gaisas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012