gabha

Irish

Alternative forms

• gobha (superseded)

Etymology

From Old Irish gobae (“smith”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡəu/, /ɡou/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): (Galway) /ɡau/, (Mayo) /ˈɡəuə/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡoː/

Noun

gabha m (genitive singular gabha or gabhann, nominative plural gaibhne)

1. smith (craftsperson who works with metal)

Declension

Fourth-declension forms:

Declension of gabha (fourth declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative gabha gaibhne vocative a ghabha a ghaibhne genitive gabha gaibhne dative gabha gaibhne forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an gabha na gaibhne genitive an ghabha na ngaibhne dative leis an ngabha don ghabha leis na gaibhne

Fifth-declension forms:

Declension of gabha (fifth declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative gabha gaibhne vocative a ghabha a ghaibhne genitive gabhann gabhann dative gabha gabhainn (archaic, dialectal) gaibhne forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an gabha na gaibhne genitive an ghabhann na ngabhann dative leis an ngabha leis an ngabhainn (archaic, dialectal) don ghabha don ghabhainn (archaic, dialectal) leis na gaibhne

Derived terms

• gabha buí (“goldsmith”)
• gabha copair (“coppersmith”)
• gabha dubh (“blacksmith; dipper, water ouzel”)
• gabha geal (“silversmith, whitesmith”)
• gabha iarainn (“iron forger”)
• gabha óir (“goldsmith”)
• gabha stáin (“tinsmith”)
• gabha uisce (“dipper, water ouzel”)
• giolla gabha (“smith's helper”)
• Mac Gabhann (“McGowan, Gowan”)
• neas gabhann (“smith's (clay) furnace”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of gabha

radical	lenition	eclipsis
gabha	ghabha	ngabha

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gabha”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-gabha^?

1. (intransitive) to vomit

   Synonym: -hlanza

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-gabha

1. to vomit

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukugabha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukugabha	ukungagabhi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	gabha	-gabhe
Plural	gabhani	-gabheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyagabha, ngigabha	engigabhayo, engigabha	ngigabha	angigabhi	engingagabhi	ngingagabhi
2nd singular	uyagabha, ugabha	ogabhayo, ogabha	ugabha	awugabhi	ongagabhi	ungagabhi
1st plural	siyagabha, sigabha	esigabhayo, esigabha	sigabha	asigabhi	esingagabhi	singagabhi
2nd plural	niyagabha, nigabha	enigabhayo, enigabha	nigabha	anigabhi	eningagabhi	ningagabhi
Class 1	uyagabha, ugabha	ogabhayo, ogabha	egabha	akagabhi	ongagabhi	engagabhi
Class 2	bayagabha, bagabha	abagabhayo, abagabha	begabha	abagabhi	abangagabhi	bengagabhi
Class 3	uyagabha, ugabha	ogabhayo, ogabha	ugabha	awugabhi	ongagabhi	ungagabhi
Class 4	iyagabha, igabha	egabhayo, egabha	igabha	ayigabhi	engagabhi	ingagabhi
Class 5	liyagabha, ligabha	eligabhayo, eligabha	ligabha	aligabhi	elingagabhi	lingagabhi
Class 6	ayagabha, agabha	agabhayo, agabha	egabha	awagabhi	angagabhi	engagabhi
Class 7	siyagabha, sigabha	esigabhayo, esigabha	sigabha	asigabhi	esingagabhi	singagabhi
Class 8	ziyagabha, zigabha	ezigabhayo, ezigabha	zigabha	azigabhi	ezingagabhi	zingagabhi
Class 9	iyagabha, igabha	egabhayo, egabha	igabha	ayigabhi	engagabhi	ingagabhi
Class 10	ziyagabha, zigabha	ezigabhayo, ezigabha	zigabha	azigabhi	ezingagabhi	zingagabhi
Class 11	luyagabha, lugabha	olugabhayo, olugabha	lugabha	alugabhi	olungagabhi	lungagabhi
Class 14	buyagabha, bugabha	obugabhayo, obugabha	bugabha	abugabhi	obungagabhi	bungagabhi
Class 15	kuyagabha, kugabha	okugabhayo, okugabha	kugabha	akugabhi	okungagabhi	kungagabhi
Class 17	kuyagabha, kugabha	okugabhayo, okugabha	kugabha	akugabhi	okungagabhi	kungagabhi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngigabhile, ngigabhē	engigabhile, engigabhē	ngigabhile, ngigabhē	angigabhanga	engingagabhanga	ngingagabhanga
2nd singular	ugabhile, ugabhē	ogabhile, ogabhē	ugabhile, ugabhē	awugabhanga	ongagabhanga	ungagabhanga
1st plural	sigabhile, sigabhē	esigabhile, esigabhē	sigabhile, sigabhē	asigabhanga	esingagabhanga	singagabhanga
2nd plural	nigabhile, nigabhē	enigabhile, enigabhē	nigabhile, nigabhē	anigabhanga	eningagabhanga	ningagabhanga
Class 1	ugabhile, ugabhē	ogabhile, ogabhē	egabhile, egabhē	akagabhanga	ongagabhanga	engagabhanga
Class 2	bagabhile, bagabhē	abagabhile, abagabhē	begabhile, begabhē	abagabhanga	abangagabhanga	bengagabhanga
Class 3	ugabhile, ugabhē	ogabhile, ogabhē	ugabhile, ugabhē	awugabhanga	ongagabhanga	ungagabhanga
Class 4	igabhile, igabhē	egabhile, egabhē	igabhile, igabhē	ayigabhanga	engagabhanga	ingagabhanga
Class 5	ligabhile, ligabhē	eligabhile, eligabhē	ligabhile, ligabhē	aligabhanga	elingagabhanga	lingagabhanga
Class 6	agabhile, agabhē	agabhile, agabhē	egabhile, egabhē	awagabhanga	angagabhanga	engagabhanga
Class 7	sigabhile, sigabhē	esigabhile, esigabhē	sigabhile, sigabhē	asigabhanga	esingagabhanga	singagabhanga
Class 8	zigabhile, zigabhē	ezigabhile, ezigabhē	zigabhile, zigabhē	azigabhanga	ezingagabhanga	zingagabhanga
Class 9	igabhile, igabhē	egabhile, egabhē	igabhile, igabhē	ayigabhanga	engagabhanga	ingagabhanga
Class 10	zigabhile, zigabhē	ezigabhile, ezigabhē	zigabhile, zigabhē	azigabhanga	ezingagabhanga	zingagabhanga
Class 11	lugabhile, lugabhē	olugabhile, olugabhē	lugabhile, lugabhē	alugabhanga	olungagabhanga	lungagabhanga
Class 14	bugabhile, bugabhē	obugabhile, obugabhē	bugabhile, bugabhē	abugabhanga	obungagabhanga	bungagabhanga
Class 15	kugabhile, kugabhē	okugabhile, okugabhē	kugabhile, kugabhē	akugabhanga	okungagabhanga	kungagabhanga
Class 17	kugabhile, kugabhē	okugabhile, okugabhē	kugabhile, kugabhē	akugabhanga	okungagabhanga	kungagabhanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāgabha	engāgabha	ngāgabha	angigabhanga	engingagabhanga	ngingagabhanga
2nd singular	wāgabha	owāgabha	wāgabha	awugabhanga	ongagabhanga	ungagabhanga
1st plural	sāgabha	esāgabha	sāgabha	asigabhanga	esingagabhanga	singagabhanga
2nd plural	nāgabha	enāgabha	nāgabha	anigabhanga	eningagabhanga	ningagabhanga
Class 1	wāgabha	owāgabha	āgabha	akagabhanga	ongagabhanga	engagabhanga
Class 2	bāgabha	abāgabha	bāgabha	abagabhanga	abangagabhanga	bengagabhanga
Class 3	wāgabha	owāgabha	wāgabha	awugabhanga	ongagabhanga	ungagabhanga
Class 4	yāgabha	eyāgabha	yāgabha	ayigabhanga	engagabhanga	ingagabhanga
Class 5	lāgabha	elāgabha	lāgabha	aligabhanga	elingagabhanga	lingagabhanga
Class 6	āgabha	āgabha	āgabha	awagabhanga	angagabhanga	engagabhanga
Class 7	sāgabha	esāgabha	sāgabha	asigabhanga	esingagabhanga	singagabhanga
Class 8	zāgabha	ezāgabha	zāgabha	azigabhanga	ezingagabhanga	zingagabhanga
Class 9	yāgabha	eyāgabha	yāgabha	ayigabhanga	engagabhanga	ingagabhanga
Class 10	zāgabha	ezāgabha	zāgabha	azigabhanga	ezingagabhanga	zingagabhanga
Class 11	lwāgabha	olwāgabha	lwāgabha	alugabhanga	olungagabhanga	lungagabhanga
Class 14	bāgabha	obāgabha	bāgabha	abugabhanga	obungagabhanga	bungagabhanga
Class 15	kwāgabha	okwāgabha	kwāgabha	akugabhanga	okungagabhanga	kungagabhanga
Class 17	kwāgabha	okwāgabha	kwāgabha	akugabhanga	okungagabhanga	kungagabhanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingagabha	—	ngingagabha	ngingegabhe	—	ngingegabhe
2nd singular	ungagabha	—	ungagabha	ungegabhe	—	ungegabhe
1st plural	singagabha	—	singagabha	singegabhe	—	singegabhe
2nd plural	ningagabha	—	ningagabha	ningegabhe	—	ningegabhe
Class 1	angagabha	—	engagabha	angegabhe	—	engegabhe
Class 2	bangagabha	—	bengagabha	bangegabhe	—	bengegabhe
Class 3	ungagabha	—	ungagabha	ungegabhe	—	ungegabhe
Class 4	ingagabha	—	ingagabha	ingegabhe	—	ingegabhe
Class 5	lingagabha	—	lingagabha	lingegabhe	—	lingegabhe
Class 6	angagabha	—	engagabha	angegabhe	—	engegabhe
Class 7	singagabha	—	singagabha	singegabhe	—	singegabhe
Class 8	zingagabha	—	zingagabha	zingegabhe	—	zingegabhe
Class 9	ingagabha	—	ingagabha	ingegabhe	—	ingegabhe
Class 10	zingagabha	—	zingagabha	zingegabhe	—	zingegabhe
Class 11	lungagabha	—	lungagabha	lungegabhe	—	lungegabhe
Class 14	bungagabha	—	bungagabha	bungegabhe	—	bungegabhe
Class 15	kungagabha	—	kungagabha	kungegabhe	—	kungegabhe
Class 17	kungagabha	—	kungagabha	kungegabhe	—	kungegabhe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizogabha	engizogabha	ngizogabha	angizugabha	engingezugabha	ngingezugabha
2nd singular	uzogabha	ozogabha	uzogabha	awuzugabha	ongezugabha	ungezugabha
1st plural	sizogabha	esizogabha	sizogabha	asizugabha	esingezugabha	singezugabha
2nd plural	nizogabha	enizogabha	nizogabha	anizugabha	eningezugabha	ningezugabha
Class 1	uzogabha	ozogabha	ezogabha	akazugabha	ongezugabha	engezugabha
Class 2	bazogabha	abazogabha	bezogabha	abazugabha	abangezugabha	bengezugabha
Class 3	uzogabha	ozogabha	uzogabha	awuzugabha	ongezugabha	ungezugabha
Class 4	izogabha	ezogabha	izogabha	ayizugabha	engezugabha	ingezugabha
Class 5	lizogabha	elizogabha	lizogabha	alizugabha	elingezugabha	lingezugabha
Class 6	azogabha	azogabha	ezogabha	awazugabha	angezugabha	engezugabha
Class 7	sizogabha	esizogabha	sizogabha	asizugabha	esingezugabha	singezugabha
Class 8	zizogabha	ezizogabha	zizogabha	azizugabha	ezingezugabha	zingezugabha
Class 9	izogabha	ezogabha	izogabha	ayizugabha	engezugabha	ingezugabha
Class 10	zizogabha	ezizogabha	zizogabha	azizugabha	ezingezugabha	zingezugabha
Class 11	luzogabha	oluzogabha	luzogabha	aluzugabha	olungezugabha	lungezugabha
Class 14	buzogabha	obuzogabha	buzogabha	abuzugabha	obungezugabha	bungezugabha
Class 15	kuzogabha	okuzogabha	kuzogabha	akuzugabha	okungezugabha	kungezugabha
Class 17	kuzogabha	okuzogabha	kuzogabha	akuzugabha	okungezugabha	kungezugabha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyogabha	engiyogabha	ngiyogabha	angiyugabha	engingeyugabha	ngingeyugabha
2nd singular	uyogabha	oyogabha	uyogabha	awuyugabha	ongeyugabha	ungeyugabha
1st plural	siyogabha	esiyogabha	siyogabha	asiyugabha	esingeyugabha	singeyugabha
2nd plural	niyogabha	eniyogabha	niyogabha	aniyugabha	eningeyugabha	ningeyugabha
Class 1	uyogabha	oyogabha	eyogabha	akayugabha	ongeyugabha	engeyugabha
Class 2	bayogabha	abayogabha	beyogabha	abayugabha	abangeyugabha	bengeyugabha
Class 3	uyogabha	oyogabha	uyogabha	awuyugabha	ongeyugabha	ungeyugabha
Class 4	iyogabha	eyogabha	iyogabha	ayiyugabha	engeyugabha	ingeyugabha
Class 5	liyogabha	eliyogabha	liyogabha	aliyugabha	elingeyugabha	lingeyugabha
Class 6	ayogabha	ayogabha	eyogabha	awayugabha	angeyugabha	engeyugabha
Class 7	siyogabha	esiyogabha	siyogabha	asiyugabha	esingeyugabha	singeyugabha
Class 8	ziyogabha	eziyogabha	ziyogabha	aziyugabha	ezingeyugabha	zingeyugabha
Class 9	iyogabha	eyogabha	iyogabha	ayiyugabha	engeyugabha	ingeyugabha
Class 10	ziyogabha	eziyogabha	ziyogabha	aziyugabha	ezingeyugabha	zingeyugabha
Class 11	luyogabha	oluyogabha	luyogabha	aluyugabha	olungeyugabha	lungeyugabha
Class 14	buyogabha	obuyogabha	buyogabha	abuyugabha	obungeyugabha	bungeyugabha
Class 15	kuyogabha	okuyogabha	kuyogabha	akuyugabha	okungeyugabha	kungeyugabha
Class 17	kuyogabha	okuyogabha	kuyogabha	akuyugabha	okungeyugabha	kungeyugabha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngigabhe	ngingagabhi
2nd singular	ugabhe	ungagabhi
1st plural	sigabhe	singagabhi
2nd plural	nigabhe	ningagabhi
Class 1	agabhe	angagabhi
Class 2	bagabhe	bangagabhi
Class 3	ugabhe	ungagabhi
Class 4	igabhe	ingagabhi
Class 5	ligabhe	lingagabhi
Class 6	agabhe	angagabhi
Class 7	sigabhe	singagabhi
Class 8	zigabhe	zingagabhi
Class 9	igabhe	ingagabhi
Class 10	zigabhe	zingagabhi
Class 11	lugabhe	lungagabhi
Class 14	bugabhe	bungagabhi
Class 15	kugabhe	kungagabhi
Class 17	kugabhe	kungagabhi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngagabha	ngangagabha, angagabha, angangagabha
2nd singular	wagabha	wangagabha, awagabha, awangagabha
1st plural	sagabha	sangagabha, asagabha, asangagabha
2nd plural	nagabha	nangagabha, anagabha, anangagabha
Class 1	wagabha	wangagabha, akagabha, akangagabha
Class 2	bagabha	bangagabha, abagabha, abangagabha
Class 3	wagabha	wangagabha, awagabha, awangagabha
Class 4	yagabha	yangagabha, ayagabha, ayangagabha
Class 5	lagabha	langagabha, alagabha, alangagabha
Class 6	agabha	angagabha, awagabha, awangagabha
Class 7	sagabha	sangagabha, asagabha, asangagabha
Class 8	zagabha	zangagabha, azagabha, azangagabha
Class 9	yagabha	yangagabha, ayagabha, ayangagabha
Class 10	zagabha	zangagabha, azagabha, azangagabha
Class 11	lwagabha	lwangagabha, alwagabha, alwangagabha
Class 14	bagabha	bangagabha, abagabha, abangagabha
Class 15	kwagabha	kwangagabha, akwagabha, akwangagabha
Class 17	kwagabha	kwangagabha, akwagabha, akwangagabha