fumage

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Fumage by Wolfgang Paalen, 1938, candle smoke on paper—an example of fumage (art technique)

Etymology

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From Old French fumage, fumaige, from Latin fumus (smoke).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fumage (uncountable)

  1. (historical) Hearth tax.
    • 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: [] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:
      As early as the conquest mention is made in domesday book of fumage or fuage, vulgarly called smoke farthings; which were paid by custom to the king for every chimney in the house
    • 1888, Stephen Dowell, A History of Taxation and Taxes in England from the Earliest Times to the Year 1885, Volume 1, Longmans, Green and Co, page 10:
      A FUMAGE, or tax of smoke farthings, or hearth tax, a kind of tax usually to be found among the fiscal traditions of communities in remote times, ranges among those of the Anglo-Saxon period. Such a tax is mentioned subsequently in Domesday Book.
  2. (art) A surrealist art technique, devised by Wolfgang Paalen, in which impressions are made by the smoke of a candle or kerosene lamp on a piece of paper or canvas.
    • 2013, Whitney Sherman, Playing with Sketches, The Quarto Group (Rockport Publishers), page 32,
      Fumage is not a frequently used drawing technique, but when used it can produce a subtle and mysterious effect. One notable twentieth-century fumage artist was banker Hugh Parker Guiler, spouse of diarist Anaïs Nin.

Usage notes

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Translations

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ 2010, Keith Aspley, Historical Dictionary of Surrealism, Rowman & Littlefield (Scarecrow Press), page 209.

French

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Etymology

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From fumer +‎ -age.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /fy.maʒ/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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fumage m (plural fumages)

  1. smoking (of food etc)

Further reading

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