extroversion
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See also: extroversión
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From extrovert + -sion, a variant of extraversion popularized in psychology by Phyllis Blanchard's use of the variant (then nonstandard) spelling extrovert in her 1918 "Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte".
Noun
[edit]extroversion (usually uncountable, plural extroversions)
- The state or quality of being extroverted or an extrovert, particularly:
- (religion, obsolete) Consideration of the material world as an aid to spiritual insight.
- 1656, Thomas Blount, Glossographia, s.v. "Extroversion":
- in mystical Divinity... a scattering or distracting ones thoughts upon exterior objects.
- 1788, John Wesley, Works, volume VI, page 451:
- The turning of the eye of the mind from [Christ] to outward things [mystics] call Extroversion.
- 1656, Thomas Blount, Glossographia, s.v. "Extroversion":
- (medicine) The condition of being inside out, especially in relation to the bladder.
- 1835, Robert Bentley Todd, editor, The Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and Physiology, volume I, page 391:
- In extroversion of the bladder the anterior part of this organ is more or less completely wanting.
- (informal psychology) A personality orientation towards others and things outside oneself; behavior expressing such orientation.
- 1920, Arthur George Tansley, The New Psychology and Its Relation to Life, page 88:
- Extroversion is the thrusting out of the mind on to life, the use of the mind in practical affairs, the pouring out of the libido on external objects.
- 1999 October 29, Ben Brantley, “‘The Dead’: a Musical That Dares to be Quiet”, in New York Times:
- In a genre characterized by brassy extroversion, The Dead is a quiet revolutionary: a musical that dares to be diffident.
- (religion, obsolete) Consideration of the material world as an aid to spiritual insight.
Usage notes
[edit]Technical papers in psychology overwhelmingly prefer the form extraversion used by Carl Jung, although the variant extroversion is more common in general use.
Synonyms
[edit]- (medicine): exstrophy
- (psychology): sociability
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “psychology”): introversion
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]concern with or an orientation toward others
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References
[edit]- “extroversion, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1894.
- Scott Barry Kaufman, "The Difference between ExtrAversion and ExtrOversion", Beautiful Minds, Scientific American, Springer Nature America, 2015.