extirper

English

Etymology

From extirp +‎ -er.

Noun

extirper (plural extirpers)

1. (obsolete) An extirpator.
   • 1605, Francis Bacon, “(please specify |book=1 or 2)”, in The Twoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], →OCLC:

     extirpers of tyrants

References

• “extirper”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin exstirpāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛk.stiʁ.pe/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

extirper

1. to uproot, extirpate (pull [a plant and its roots] out of the ground)
2. (medicine) to remove, take out (e.g. an organ)
3. (figuratively) to weed out, get rid of, eradicate (e.g. a problem or characteristic)
4. to pull out, take out, whip out (remove something from e.g. a holder, pocket, holster etc.)
5. to drag out, hoist out, lug out (remove someone, with difficulty, from a place)
6. (reflexive) to pull oneself out (of somewhere)

   Il s’extirpe du bar pour fumer une clope.

   He drags himself out of the bar to smoke a ciggy.

7. (colloquial) to fish out, make someone cough up (obtain e.g. information from someone)

Conjugation

Conjugation of extirper (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	extirper
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	extirpant /ɛk.stiʁ.pɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		extirpé /ɛk.stiʁ.pe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	extirpe /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpes /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpe /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpons /ɛk.stiʁ.pɔ̃/	extirpez /ɛk.stiʁ.pe/	extirpent /ɛk.stiʁp/
	imperfect	extirpais /ɛk.stiʁ.pɛ/	extirpais /ɛk.stiʁ.pɛ/	extirpait /ɛk.stiʁ.pɛ/	extirpions /ɛk.stiʁ.pjɔ̃/	extirpiez /ɛk.stiʁ.pje/	extirpaient /ɛk.stiʁ.pɛ/
	past historic2	extirpai /ɛk.stiʁ.pe/	extirpas /ɛk.stiʁ.pa/	extirpa /ɛk.stiʁ.pa/	extirpâmes /ɛk.stiʁ.pam/	extirpâtes /ɛk.stiʁ.pat/	extirpèrent /ɛk.stiʁ.pɛʁ/
	future	extirperai /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁe/	extirperas /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁa/	extirpera /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁa/	extirperons /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/	extirperez /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁe/	extirperont /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	extirperais /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɛ/	extirperais /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɛ/	extirperait /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɛ/	extirperions /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁjɔ̃/	extirperiez /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁje/	extirperaient /ɛk.stiʁ.pə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	extirpe /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpes /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpe /ɛk.stiʁp/	extirpions /ɛk.stiʁ.pjɔ̃/	extirpiez /ɛk.stiʁ.pje/	extirpent /ɛk.stiʁp/
	imperfect2	extirpasse /ɛk.stiʁ.pas/	extirpasses /ɛk.stiʁ.pas/	extirpât /ɛk.stiʁ.pa/	extirpassions /ɛk.stiʁ.pa.sjɔ̃/	extirpassiez /ɛk.stiʁ.pa.sje/	extirpassent /ɛk.stiʁ.pas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	extirpe /ɛk.stiʁp/	—	extirpons /ɛk.stiʁ.pɔ̃/	extirpez /ɛk.stiʁ.pe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “extirper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Verb

extirper

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of extirpō