erübrigen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From er- + übrig (“remaining, left over”) + -en, hence “to leave over, have as surplus”. Accordingly, the reflexive sich erübrigen actually means “to be left, remain” and one would originally say es erübrigt sich, etwas zu tun in the sense of “XY still remains to be done”. The quite opposite contemporary sense seems to emerge around 1900. It probably developed through confusion with the active verb in the sense of “to spare”. Moreover, that which is left to be done last is often the least important thing and may in fact become redundant through developments in the meantime.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]erübrigen (weak, third-person singular present erübrigt, past tense erübrigte, past participle erübrigt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, dated except with können) to leave over, have extra, put aside, spare
- Er hatte etwas Geld erübrigt. ― He had put aside some money.
- Sie gab alles, was sie erübrigen konnte. ― She gave all she could spare.
- (reflexive, of actions) to be or become gratuitous, redundant, no longer necessary
- Nach allem, was wir heute wissen, erübrigt sich diese Frage.
- With all we know today this question has become redundant.
- (archaic to obsolete, reflexive, also intransitive) to be left, to remain to be done
- Abschließend erübrigt sich noch, historische Beispiele für beide Fälle zu geben.
- In closing, it remains for us to give historic examples for both cases.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | erübrigen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | erübrigend | ||||
past participle | erübrigt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich erübrige | wir erübrigen | i | ich erübrige | wir erübrigen |
du erübrigst | ihr erübrigt | du erübrigest | ihr erübriget | ||
er erübrigt | sie erübrigen | er erübrige | sie erübrigen | ||
preterite | ich erübrigte | wir erübrigten | ii | ich erübrigte1 | wir erübrigten1 |
du erübrigtest | ihr erübrigtet | du erübrigtest1 | ihr erübrigtet1 | ||
er erübrigte | sie erübrigten | er erübrigte1 | sie erübrigten1 | ||
imperative | erübrig (du) erübrige (du) |
erübrigt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Further reading
[edit]- German terms prefixed with er-
- German terms suffixed with -en
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German dated terms
- German terms with usage examples
- German reflexive verbs
- German terms with archaic senses
- German terms with obsolete senses
- German intransitive verbs