doéirig

Old Irish

FWOTD – 5 November 2024

Etymology

From dí- (“from”) +‎ at·reig (“to rise”) (without the infixed pronoun). Although this verb did not survive as such into modern Irish, the modern language does use the same component parts in the expression éirigh de (literally “to rise from”) to mean “abandon”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [doˈheːrʲiɣʲ]

Verb

do·éirig (prototonic ·dérig, verbal noun déirge)

1. to abandon, forsake

Conjugation

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, unreduplicated s future, s subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.						du·ǽrget	du·ǽragar
	Prot.			·dérig	·dérgemar
Imperfect indicative	Deut.
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.			du·réracht		do·rérachtid, do·rréractid
	Prot.						·deraérachtatar
Future	Deut.	du·ǽrus
	Prot.			·dér		·dérsid, ·déirsid
Conditional	Deut.	du·ǽrsinn
	Prot.			·déirsed
Present subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Past subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun		déirge, dǽrge
Past participle		dérachtae
Verbal of necessity		dérachtai

Note: the future and the present subjunctive have the same form, as do the conditional and the past subjunctive. The forms are listed here as being future/conditional, but in context they could also be present/past subjunctive.

Quotations

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18^c6

  Is machthad limm a threte do·rérachtid máam fírinne et soscéli; .i. i⟨s⟩ súaignid nírubtar gaítha for comairli. Is dían do·rréractid maám ind ṡoscéli.

  I marvel how quickly you pl have abandoned the yoke of righteousness and [the] gospel; i.e. it is clear that your counsels have not been wise. It is swiftly that you have abandoned the yoke of the gospel.

  (literally, “it is a wonder to me its quickness that…”)

Mutation

Mutation of doéirig

radical	lenition	nasalization
do·éirig (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	do·n-éirig

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 do·érig”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 595