dhīra

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀥𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• धीर (Devanagari script)
• ধীর (Bengali script)
• ධීර (Sinhalese script)
• ဓီရ or ဓဳရ or ꩪီရ (Burmese script)
• ธีร or ธีระ (Thai script)
• ᨵᩦᩁ (Tai Tham script)
• ຘີຣ or ຘີຣະ (Lao script)
• ធីរ (Khmer script)
• 𑄙𑄩𑄢 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit धीर (dhīra, “firm”) and Sanskrit धीर (dhīra, “wise”). In Pali, the two words merged into a single polysemous word, at least in the understanding of the commentaries.

Adjective

dhīra

1. wise
   • c. 50 BC, The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya‎^[1], Colombo, 2009:

     8. පමාදං අප‍්පමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ‍්ඩිතො 28
     පඤ‍්ඤාපාසාදමාරුය‍්හ අසොකො සොකිනිං පජං
     පබ‍්බතට‍්ඨො’ව භුම‍්මට‍්ඨෙ ධීරො බාලෙ අවෙක‍්ඛති.

     8. Pamādaṃ appamādena yadā nudati paṇḍito 28
     Paññāpāsādamāruyha asoko sokiniṃ pajaṃ
     Pabbataṭṭho'va bhummaṭṭhe dhīro bāle avekkhati.

     8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, 28
     having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free behold this generation of sorrow,
     as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below.

     (literally, “8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, 28
     having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free behold this generation of sorrow,
     as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools on the ground.”)

     (Wiktionary translation adapted from translation of the Pali by Ajahn Sujato.)

2. firm, resolute, brave

Declension

Please help by providing confirmation or refutation of the feminine form.

Declension table of "dhīra" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	dhīro	dhīrā
Accusative (second)	dhīraṃ	dhīre
Instrumental (third)	dhīrena	dhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Dative (fourth)	dhīrassa or dhīrāya or dhīratthaṃ	dhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	dhīrasmā or dhīramhā or dhīrā	dhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Genitive (sixth)	dhīrassa	dhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	dhīrasmiṃ or dhīramhi or dhīre	dhīresu
Vocative (calling)	dhīra	dhīrā

Declension table of "dhīrā" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	dhīrā	dhīrāyo or dhīrā
Accusative (second)	dhīraṃ	dhīrāyo or dhīrā
Instrumental (third)	dhīrāya	dhīrāhi or dhīrābhi
Dative (fourth)	dhīrāya	dhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	dhīrāya	dhīrāhi or dhīrābhi
Genitive (sixth)	dhīrāya	dhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	dhīrāya or dhīrāyaṃ	dhīrāsu
Vocative (calling)	dhīre	dhīrāyo or dhīrā

Declension table of "dhīra" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	dhīraṃ	dhīrāni
Accusative (second)	dhīraṃ	dhīrāni
Instrumental (third)	dhīrena	dhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Dative (fourth)	dhīrassa or dhīrāya or dhīratthaṃ	dhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	dhīrasmā or dhīramhā or dhīrā	dhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Genitive (sixth)	dhīrassa	dhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	dhīrasmiṃ or dhīramhi or dhīre	dhīresu
Vocative (calling)	dhīra	dhīrāni