dendam

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay dendam,

• probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəmdəm.
• probably from Sanskrit दंड (daṃḍa, “punishment, penalty”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dənˈdam]
• Hyphenation: dên‧dam

Adjective

dêndam

1. vengeance

Derived terms

• berdendam
• berdendam-dendaman
• kedendaman
• mendendam
• mendendami
• mendendamkan
• pendendam

 

• dendam berahi
• dendam kesumat

 

Further reading

• “dendam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəmdəm, compare with idam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dəndam/
• Rhymes: -əndam, -dam, -am

Noun

dendam (Jawi spelling دندم, plural dendam-dendam, informal 1st possessive dendamku, 2nd possessive dendammu, 3rd possessive dendamnya)

1. (archaic) thought, desire, yearning, longing

   Synonyms: keinginan, kemahuan

   dendam berahi ― desire for love

2. grudge, resentment, vengeance

   Aku menyimpan dendam atas perbuatan dia terhadap kekasihku.

   I have a grudge for what he did to my lover.

Verb

dendamkan

1. to yearn, to long for someone

   Synonyms: ingin, mahu

Verb

berdendam

1. to harbour a grudge, to desire revenge

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pendendam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• dendaman [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• kedendaman [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
• mendendam [agent focus] (meN-)
• mendendamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• mendendami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• berdendam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• berdendam-dendaman [reduplication + stative / habitual + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (redup + beR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• dendam-mendendam
• balas dendam
• dendam berahi

Descendants

• Indonesian: dêndam
• → Tagalog: damdam

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “دندم dĕndam”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 128
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “دندم dĕndam”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 300
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “dĕndam”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 270

Further reading

• “dendam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.