cukurs
Appearance
Latvian
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/A_Bowl_of_Sugar_2.jpg/250px-A_Bowl_of_Sugar_2.jpg)
Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from German Zucker, first attested in Latvian in the 17th century as sukurs, apparently via Livonian sukker. The form cukurs, with the initial s "corrected" to c [ts], occurs only later, in the 19th century. The German word is itself a borrowing from Italian zucchero, also borrowed from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), borrowed from Persian شکر (šakar), borrowed from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground sugar”).[1] Doublet of krokodils.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]cukurs m (1st declension)
- (chilefly in the singular) sugar (white, crystalline powder used to sweeten drinks and foods)
- biešu cukurs ― beet sugar
- niedru cukurs ― cane sugar
- smalkais cukurs ― granulated (lit. fine) sugar
- cukura graudiņi ― sugar cubes
- cukura sīrups ― sugar syrup
- dzert tēju ar cukuru ― to drink tea with sugar
- Mēs arvien dzērām tik saldu kafiju, ka cukurs vēl palika neizkusis krūzītes dibenā
- We always drank coffee so sweet, the sugar remained undissolved at the bottom of the cup.
- (singular or plural) sugar (organic substance of the carbohydrate group)
- dabiskie cukuri ― natural sugars
- vienkāršie cukuri (monosaharīdi) ― simple sugars (monosaccharides)
- piena cukurs (laktoze) ― milk sugar (lactose)
- augļu cukurs (fruktoze) ― fruit sugar (fructose)
- vīnogu cukurs (glikoze) ― grape sugar (glucose)
- Cukuri labi šķīst ūdenī, un līdz ar to tie ātri izsūcas caur gremošanas orgānu sieniņām, ātri nokļūst asinīs un ātri var tikt izmantoti organismā.
- Sugars dissolve well in water; consequently, they are quickly absorbed through the walls of the digestive organs, quickly enter the bloodstream and can quickly be used in the organism.
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | cukurs | cukuri |
genitive | cukura | cukuru |
dative | cukuram | cukuriem |
accusative | cukuru | cukurus |
instrumental | cukuru | cukuriem |
locative | cukurā | cukuros |
vocative | cukur | cukuri |
Descendants
[edit]- → Livonian: tsukkõr
References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “cukurs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Categories:
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Latvian terms derived from Italian
- Latvian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Latvian terms derived from Arabic
- Latvian terms derived from Middle High German
- Latvian terms borrowed from German
- Latvian terms derived from German
- Latvian terms derived from Livonian
- Latvian terms derived from Persian
- Latvian doublets
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first declension nouns
- lv:Sugars