cruas

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern crua).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais)

1. hardness
2. stinginess

Declension

Declension of cruas (first declension, no plural)

bare forms singular nominative cruas vocative a chruais genitive cruais dative cruas forms with the definite article singular nominative an cruas genitive an chruais dative leis an gcruas don chruas

Mutation

Mutated forms of cruas

radical	lenition	eclipsis
cruas	chruas	gcruas

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Galician-Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

1. feminine plural of cruu

Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

1. feminine plural of cru

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern cruaidh, which probably shares the same ultimate root).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais, no plural)

1. difficulty, hardship, crisis, severity, durability, distress, rigour
2. illiberality, stinginess

Synonyms

• (illiberality): mì-shuairceas, neo-fhialaidheachd, neo-fhlathaileachd, neo-uaisle

Mutation

Mutation of cruas

radical	lenition
cruas	chruas

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “cruas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language