citerior

English

WOTD – 29 June 2019

Etymology

PIE word
*ḱe

Borrowed from Latin citerior (“(particularly in province names) nearer”), comparative of citer (“on this side; near”) (from cis (“on or to this or the near side of; short of; before”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“here”)) + -ior (suffix forming comparatives). The English word is cognate with French citérieur, Italian citeriore, Portuguese citerior, Spanish citerior.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /sɪˈtɪə.ɹɪ.ə/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /səˈtɪ.ɹi.ɚ/
• Rhymes: -ɪəɹiə(ɹ)
• Hyphenation: ci‧te‧ri‧or

Adjective

citerior (not comparable)

1. (literary) Chiefly in place names: situated on the nearer side.

   Synonyms: (archaic) hither, proximate; see also Thesaurus:near

   Antonym: ulterior

   • 1749, Thomas Nugent, “General Description of Italy”, in The Grand Tour. Containing an Exact Description of Most of the Cities, Towns, and Remarkable Places of Europe. […], volume III, London: Printed for S. Birt, […]; D. Browne, […]; A[ndrew] Millar, […]; and G. Hawkins, […], →OCLC, section II (Description of the Several Provinces of Italy), page 37:

     The Abruzzo is alſo ſubdivided into the Abruzzo Citerior, the Abruzzo Ulterior, and the county of Moliſa. […] Finally, Calabria is ſubdivided into the Baſilicata, Calabria Citerior, and Calabria Ulterior.

   • 1827, William C[hanning] Woodbridge, Emma Willard, “Hispania or Spain”, in Universal Geography, Ancient and Modern; on the Principles of Comparison and Classification, 2nd edition, Hartford, Conn.: Published by Oliver D. Cooke & Co. J. & J. Harper, printers, →OCLC, page 23:

     It [Spain] was divided by the Romans into two provinces, Citeriour and Ulteriour, nearer and farther, that is, from Rome.

   • 1942, The Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society, volume 28, Patna, Bihar, India: Bihar and Orissa Research Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 350:

     [D]ifferent provinces fell to different Apostles, Parthia fell to Thomas; to Matthew fell Ethiopia; and the Citerior India adherent to it is said to have fallen to Bartholomew.

   • 1978, Alan E. Astin, “The Consul in Spain”, in Cato the Censor, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, published 2000, →ISBN, page 33:

     One of the new consuls was to take command in [Hispania] Citerior with a full consular army of two legions supported by 15,000 allied troops, 800 cavalry, and twenty-five warships.

   • 2000, Niko Besnier, “Morphology”, in Tuvaluan: A Polynesian Language of the Central Pacific (Descriptive Grammars), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 347:

     Both citerior and ulterior locations (and corresponding contact locations) are marked similarly. Complex prepositions with mua 'front' […] and tua 'back' […] can denote citerior and ulterior locations respectively, while tafa 'side' […] can denote either citerior or ulterior locations.

Alternative forms

• citeriour (obsolete)

Translations

situated on the nearer side

• French: citérieur (fr) m, citérieure (fr) f (literary, rare)
• Italian: citeriore (it)
• Latin: citerior m or f, citerius n
• Malagasy: dimbin' io (mg)
• Portuguese: citerior (pt) m or f
• Spanish: citerior

Latin

Adjective

citerior (neuter citerius); third declension

1. comparative degree of citer

Declension

Third-declension comparative adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	citerior	citerius		citeriōrēs	citeriōra
Genitive	citeriōris			citeriōrum
Dative	citeriōrī			citeriōribus
Accusative	citeriōrem	citerius		citeriōrēs citeriōrīs	citeriōra
Ablative	citeriōre citeriōrī			citeriōribus
Vocative	citerior	citerius		citeriōrēs	citeriōra

Antonyms

• ulterior

Related terms

• Britannia citerior
• Fortuna citerior
• Frisia citerior
• Gallia citerior
• Hispania citerior
• Vasconia citerior

 

Descendants

• Catalan: citerior
• English: citerior
• French: citérieur
• Galician: citerior
• Italian: citeriore
• Portuguese: citerior
• Spanish: citerior

References

• “citerior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “citerior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• citerior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Spanish

Adjective

citerior m or f (masculine and feminine plural citeriores)

1. citerior

Further reading

• “citerior”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16