circumflex

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin circumflexus (“bent about”), calqued from Ancient Greek περισπώμενος (perispṓmenos, “drawn around”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsɜː.kəmˌflɛks/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈsɝ.kəmˌflɛks/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

circumflex (plural circumflexes)

2. A diacritical mark (ˆ) placed over a vowel in the orthography or transliteration of many languages to change its pronunciation; while in some other languages over a consonant.

   Synonym: circumflex accent

Derived terms

• inverted circumflex

Translations

circumflex accent

• Afrikaans: sirkumfleks, kappie
• Catalan: circumflex m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 抑揚音符／抑扬音符 (yìyáng yīnfú), 抑揚符／抑扬符 (yìyángfú)

• Czech: stříška (cs) f, vokáň
• Danish: cirkumfleks c
• Dutch: accent circonflexe (nl) n, circonflexe (nl) m, circumflex (nl) m, dakje (nl) n (informal)
• Esperanto: ĉapelo, cirkumflekso (proscribed)
• Finnish: sirkumfleksi (fi)
• French: circonflexe (fr) m, accent circonflexe (fr) m
• Galician: circunflexo (gl) m
• German: (general) Zirkumflex (de) m; (chiefly of French) Accent circonflexe (de) m; (informal) Dach (de) n
• Greek:

  Ancient: περισπωμένη f (perispōménē), ὀξύβαρις f (oxúbaris)

• Hebrew: גַּג (he) m (gag)
• Hungarian: kúpos ékezet, hajtott ékezet, csúcsos ékezet, circumflex (hu), (somewhat informal) háztető (hu)
• Icelandic: hattur (is) m
• Indonesian: sirkumfleks (id)
• Irish: cuairín m
• Italian: accento circonflesso m, circonflesso (it) m
• Japanese: サーカムフレックス (sākamufurekkusu)
• Korean: 곡절 부호 (gokjeol buho)
• Latvian: cirkumflekss
• Malay: sirkumfleks
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: cirkumfleks (no) m, sirkumfleks (no) m, accent circonflexe m

  Nynorsk: cirkumfleks m, sirkumfleks m, accent circonflexe m (French)

• Polish: daszek (pl) m
• Portuguese: circunflexo (pt) m, acento circunflexo (pt) m
• Romanian: accent circumflex (ro) f
• Russian: циркумфле́кс (ru) m (cirkumfléks)
• Slovak: vokáň, cirkumflex m
• Spanish: circunflejo (es) m
• Sranan Tongo: topimarki
• Swedish: cirkumflex (sv) c
• Tagalog: pakupya
• Turkish: sirkonfleks
• Vietnamese: dấu mũ
• Volapük: sirkumfleg
• Welsh: to bach m, acen grom f, hirnod m
• West Frisian: breedteken n

Adjective

circumflex

1. Having a circumflex mark.

   ê is e circumflex.

2. Curving around.

   The circumflex coronary artery

Translations

with circumflex accent

• Catalan: circumflex
• Finnish: sirkumfleksi- (fi)
• French: circonflexe (fr)
• Ido: circuflexio
• Italian: circonflesso (it)
• Ligurian: circonflèsso
• Portuguese: circunflexo (pt)
• Spanish: circunflejo (es)
• Vietnamese: mũ (vi)
• Volapük: sirkumflegik

curving around

• Finnish: kiertävä (fi)
• Italian: circonflesso (it), arcuato (it), incurvato (it)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: please add this translation if you can

• Portuguese: circunflexo (pt)
• Spanish: circunflejo (es)

Verb

circumflex (third-person singular simple present circumflexes, present participle circumflexing, simple past and past participle circumflexed)

1. To mark or pronounce with a circumflex.

   to circumflex a syllable

   • 1791, John Walker, Critical Pronouncing Dictionary:

     those words […] circumflexed on the last syllabe

2. (obsolete) To arch.
   • 1687, John Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, page 105:

     A venerable old man sitting in a chaire, with a severe aspect, wrinkled forehead, circumflex't eie-browes, great white curled beard.

Translations

to mark or pronounce with circumflex

• Finnish: merkitä sirkumfleksilla (to mark)
• Italian: circonflettere (it)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: please add this translation if you can

Further reading

• circumflex on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin circumflexus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [sir.kumˈflɛks]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [siɾ.kumˈflɛks]

Noun

circumflex m (plural circumflexos)

1. circumflex

Derived terms

• anticircumflex

Further reading

• “circumflex” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

circumflex m or n (plural circumflexen)

1. circumflex

Further reading

• “circumflex” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin circumflexus or French circonflexe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃir.kumˈfleks/

Adjective

circumflex m or n (feminine singular circumflexă, masculine plural circumflecși, feminine and neuter plural circumflexe)

1. circumflex

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	circumflex		circumflexă		circumflecși	circumflexe
	definite	circumflexul		circumflexa		circumflecșii	circumflexele
genitive- dative	indefinite	circumflex		circumflexe		circumflecși	circumflexe
	definite	circumflexului		circumflexei		circumflecșilor	circumflexelor

Further reading

• circumflex in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)