circumdo

Latin

Etymology

Possibly from circum- (“around”) +‎ -dō/-dere (“put”) subsequently remodelled to circum- +‎ dō/dāre (“give”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kirˈkum.doː/, [kɪrˈkʊn̪d̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃirˈkum.do/, [t͡ʃirˈkumd̪o]

Verb

circumdō (present infinitive circumdare, perfect active circumdedī, supine circumdatum); first conjugation

1. to surround, enclose, encircle

   Synonyms: circumveniō, circumeō, circumsistō, claudō, obsideō, assideō, circumsaepiō, stīpō, complector, amplector, saepiō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of circumdō (first conjugation, irregular short a in most forms except dās and dā)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	circumdō		circumdās		circumdat		circumdamus		circumdatis		circumdant
	imperfect	circumdabam		circumdabās		circumdabat		circumdabāmus		circumdabātis		circumdabant
	future	circumdabō		circumdabis		circumdabit		circumdabimus		circumdabitis		circumdabunt
	perfect	circumdedī		circumdedistī		circumdedit		circumdedimus		circumdedistis		circumdedērunt, circumdedēre
	pluperfect	circumdederam		circumdederās		circumdederat		circumdederāmus		circumdederātis		circumdederant
	future perfect	circumdederō		circumdederis		circumdederit		circumdederimus		circumdederitis		circumdederint
passive	present	circumdor		circumdaris, circumdare		circumdatur		circumdamur		circumdaminī		circumdantur
	imperfect	circumdabar		circumdabāris, circumdabāre		circumdabātur		circumdabāmur		circumdabāminī		circumdabantur
	future	circumdabor		circumdaberis, circumdabere		circumdabitur		circumdabimur		circumdabiminī		circumdabuntur
	perfect	circumdatus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	circumdatus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	circumdatus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	circumdem		circumdēs		circumdet		circumdēmus		circumdētis		circumdent
	imperfect	circumdarem		circumdarēs		circumdaret		circumdarēmus		circumdarētis		circumdarent
	perfect	circumdederim		circumdederīs		circumdederit		circumdederīmus		circumdederītis		circumdederint
	pluperfect	circumdedissem		circumdedissēs		circumdedisset		circumdedissēmus		circumdedissētis		circumdedissent
passive	present	circumder		circumdēris, circumdēre		circumdētur		circumdēmur		circumdēminī		circumdentur
	imperfect	circumdarer		circumdarēris, circumdarēre		circumdarētur		circumdarēmur		circumdarēminī		circumdarentur
	perfect	circumdatus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	circumdatus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		circumdā		—		—		circumdate		—
	future	—		circumdatō		circumdatō		—		circumdatōte		circumdantō
passive	present	—		circumdare		—		—		circumdaminī		—
	future	—		circumdator		circumdator		—		—		circumdantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		circumdare			circumdarī			circumdāns			—
future		circumdatūrum esse			circumdatum īrī			circumdatūrus			circumdandus
perfect		circumdedisse			circumdatum esse			—			circumdatus
future perfect		—			circumdatum fore			—			—
perfect potential		circumdatūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		circumdandī		circumdandō		circumdandum		circumdandō		circumdatum		circumdatū

Descendants

• Catalan: circumdar
• Friulian: circundâ
• Galician: circundar
• Italian: circondare
• Portuguese: circundar
• Spanish: circundar

References

• “circumdo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “circumdo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• circumdo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.