chevron

See also: Chevron

English

Alternative forms

• cheveron (dated)

Etymology

From Middle English cheveroun, from Old French [Term?], the mark so called because it looks like rafters of a shallow roof, from Vulgar Latin *capriō, from Latin caper (“goat”), the likely connection between goats and rafters being the animal's horns.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈʃɛvɹən/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈʃɛvɹɑn/

Noun

chevron (plural chevrons)

1. A V-shaped pattern; used in architecture, and as an insignia of military or police rank, on the sleeve.
2. (heraldry) A wide inverted V placed on a shield.

   Coordinate terms: chevronel, couple-close

3. (chiefly British) One of the V-shaped markings on the surface of roads used to indicate minimum distances between vehicles.
   • 2009, Jamie Dunn, Truckie has a point, Sunshine Coast Daily Online, June 13, 2009.

     I told you that in fact they were called chevrons and it was an exercise by the transport department to teach us to stay two chevrons behind the car in front.

4. A guillemet, either of the punctuation marks “«” or “»”, used in several languages to indicate passages of speech. Similar to typical quotation marks used in the English language such as ““” and “””.
5. An angle bracket, either used as a typographic or a scientific symbol.
6. (informal) A háček, a diacritical mark that may resemble an inverted circumflex.
   • 1953, William James Entwistle, Aspects of Language, Faber and Faber, page 107:

     It is pertinent to remember, however, that one of the greatest phoneticians, Jan Hus, used diacritics (in the form of points, which have later become chevrons in his own language), and that his alphabet is the most satisfactory for eastern Europe, since it has been officially adopted by the languages which use the Latin script.

   • 1976, Stephen J. Lieberman, The Sumerian Loanwords in Old-Babylonian Akkadian (Harvard Semitic Studies, issue 22; published by Scholars Press for Harvard Semitic Museum), page 66

     The symbol ř (“r” with a chevron) is used for a phoneme which sounds like Czech ř (as in Dvořák), i.e. a voiced alveolar flap. The presence of the chevron has no effect on the index numbers used in transliteration; cf. 2.058.

7. A wedge-shaped sediment deposit observed on coastlines and continental interiors around the world.
8. Synonym of arrowhead (“horse jump obstacle”)

Usage notes

• In heraldry, broken chevrons are represented and described in blazon in a variety of ways: see examples at rompu.

Synonyms

• (rank insignia): stripe
• (computing): wicket
• (typographic and mathematical symbols): angle bracket

Derived terms

• chevron bone
• chevroned
• chevronel
• chevronelle
• chevronny
• chevronwise
• per chevron

 

Related terms

• chevrony

Translations

V-shaped pattern

• Belarusian: шаўро́н m (šaŭrón)
• Bulgarian: нашивка на ръкава f (našivka na rǎkava)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 柴 (caai⁴)

• Finnish: väkänen (fi); natsa (fi) (insignia of rank)
• French: chevron (fr) m
• German: Sparren (de) m
• Greek: γαλόνι (el) n (galóni) (insignia of rank)
• Hungarian: katonai rangjelzés
• Italian: galloni (it) m pl, pipa (it) f, segno diacritico a V m, scaglione (it) m
• Maori: pere tapaono, kaokao, maihi
• Polish: szewron m
• Russian: шевро́н (ru) (ševrón) (insignia of rank)
• Spanish: sardineta f
• Ukrainian: шевро́н m (ševrón)

heraldry: wide inverted V

• Catalan: xebró m
• Czech: krokev (cs) m
• Dutch: keper (nl)
• Finnish: polviorsi (fi)
• French: chevron (fr) m
• German: Sparren (de) m
• Hungarian: ^{(please verify)} szarufa (hu)
• Italian: scaglione (it) m
• Macedonian: стропило n (stropilo)
• Polish: krokiew (pl) m
• Portuguese: cabria (pt) f, asna (pt) f
• Spanish: chebrón m, cabrio m, chevrón (es) m
• Swedish: sparre (sv) c

V-shaped marking on the surface of road

• Finnish: turvavälimerkintä
• Hungarian: követési távolság jelzése
• Italian: frecce segnaletiche f pl

guillemet — see guillemet

diacritical mark — see háček

Further reading

• chevron on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Chevron in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Verb

chevron (third-person singular simple present chevrons, present participle chevroning, simple past and past participle chevroned)

1. To form or be formed into chevrons
   • 1963, Lucien Victor Gewiss, "Process and Devices for Chevroning Pliable Sheet Material," US Patent 3397261 [1], page 14:

     ...the sheet to be chevroned locks itself into the furrow.

   • 1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow:

     ... as a thick finger with a gob of very slippery jelly or cream comes sliding down the crack now towards his asshole, chevroning the hairs along like topo lines up a river valley...

   • 1983, Allen Sillitoe, The Lost Flying Boat, →ISBN, page 118:

     Bull fixed the claw under a batten, strained like a sailor at the capstan, shirt off, arms chevroned by elaborate tattoos.

   • 2003, Felice Picano, A House on the Ocean, a House on the Bay, →ISBN, page 55:

     Earlier, in glaring winter daylight, I'd first noticed thin lines chevroning off the edge of each eye into the taut skin of his cheeks...

Anagrams

• Chernov

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *capriōnem, from *capreus, cf. also caprone. Ultimately from Latin caper (“goat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃə.vʁɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

chevron m (plural chevrons)

1. rafter
2. (heraldry) chevron

Related terms

• chèvre

Descendants

• → English: chevron
• → Russian: шевро́н (ševrón)

Further reading

• “chevron”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.