chʼíízǫ́ǫ́s
Navajo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]chʼí- (“out horizontally”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zǫ́ǫ́s (imperfective stem of root -ZǪ́Ǫ́Z, “to pull, to tear”).
Stem initial z- becomes d- under d-effect.
Verb
[edit]chʼíízǫ́ǫ́s
Conjugation
[edit]Paradigm: Momentaneous (ni/ni), with partial da-shift.
| imperfective | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | chʼínísǫ́ǫ́s | chʼíniidǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídaniidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | chʼínízǫ́ǫ́s | chʼínóhsǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídanohsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | chʼíízǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídeízǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | chʼíjízǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídajízǫ́ǫ́s | |
| perfective | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | chʼínízǫ́ǫ́z | chʼíniidǫ́ǫ́z | chʼídaniidǫ́ǫ́z |
| 2nd person | chʼíínízǫ́ǫ́z | chʼínoozǫ́ǫ́z | chʼídanoozǫ́ǫ́z |
| 3rd person | chʼíinízǫ́ǫ́z | chʼídeizǫ́ǫ́z | |
| 4th person | chʼízhnízǫ́ǫ́z | chʼídajizǫ́ǫ́z | |
| future | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | chʼídeesǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídiidǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídadiidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | chʼídíízǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídoohsǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídadoohsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | chʼíidoozǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídeidoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | chʼízhdoozǫ́ǫ́s | chʼídazhdoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
Verbal stems
[edit]- ITERATIVE: -d + zǫ́ǫ́s = dǫ́ǫ́s
- OPTATIVE: -zǫ́ǫ́s