carruca

English

Alternative forms

• caruca

Etymology

From Medieval Latin carrūca.

Noun

carruca (plural carrucas)

1. (historical) A heavy wheeled turnplough that was used during the Middle Ages.

   Synonym: heavy plough

   • 1912, Ralph Straus, Carriages & Coaches: Their History & Their Evolution, page 34:

     Pliny mentions another carriage of imperial Rome — the carruca, which had four wheels and was used equally in the city and for long journeys.

Hypernyms

• mouldboard plough, turnplough

Related terms

• carucate

Italian

Etymology

From Latin carrūca.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /karˈru.ka/
• Rhymes: -uka
• Hyphenation: car‧rù‧ca

Noun

carruca f (plural carruche)

1. (obsolete) coach, carriage

   Synonym: carrozza

Derived terms

• carrucola

Latin

Alternative forms

• carūca

Etymology

From carrus, probably from Transalpine Gaulish.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /karˈruː.ka/, [kärˈruːkä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /karˈru.ka/, [kärˈruːkä]

Noun

carrūca f (genitive carrūcae); first declension

1. A chariot.
2. A coach, carriage (four-wheeled).
3. (Medieval Latin) A heavy wheeled plow.

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	carrūca	carrūcae
genitive	carrūcae	carrūcārum
dative	carrūcae	carrūcīs
accusative	carrūcam	carrūcās
ablative	carrūcā	carrūcīs
vocative	carrūca	carrūcae

Derived terms

• carrucata

Descendants

• → Albanian: karrocë
• → Ancient Greek: καροῦχα (karoûkha)
• → English: carruca
• French: charrue
  • → Galician: charrúa
• Italian: carruca, carrozza, carroccia
• Norman: carrue
  • Norman: tchérue (Guernsey), tchéthue (Jersey), kyerüü (Sark)
• Romanian: căruță
• Spanish: carruca

References

• “carruca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• carruca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• carruca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “carruca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “carruca”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• “carruca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Western Civilization, Jackson J. Spielvogal, volume 1, To 1715
• (etymology) The Breeches Bible: Considered as the Basis for Remarks, James Gurnhill (1862), page 25