candu

See also: cãndu, cándú, and cǎndú

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay candu, from Tamil சாந்து (cāntu, “mortar, plaster; powder”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃandu]
• Hyphenation: can‧du

Noun

candu (plural candu-candu, first-person possessive canduku, second-person possessive candumu, third-person possessive candunya)

1. opium: a yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.
2. opium poppy: Papaver somniferum, the species of plant from which opium and poppy seeds are extracted.
3. tar: a black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials residual byproduct of tobacco smoke.

   Synonym: tar

4. (figurative) hobby

   Synonym: kegemaran

Alternative forms

• tjandoe (pre-1947)

Synonyms

• apiun
• madat
• opium

Affixed terms

• kecanduan
• mencandu
• mencandui
• mencandukan
• pecandu
• pencandu
• percanduan

 

Further reading

• “candu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

candu

1. Romanization of ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ.

Malay

Etymology

From Tamil சாந்து (cāntu, “mortar, plaster; powder”).

Noun

candu (Jawi spelling چندو, plural candu-candu, informal 1st possessive canduku, 2nd possessive candumu, 3rd possessive candunya)

1. opium (drug from opium poppy)

Descendants

• Indonesian: candu
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: चंडू (caṇḍū, “opium”)
• → Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ (candu, “opium”)
• → Tamil: சண்டு (caṇṭu, “opium”)

Further reading

• “candu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Tamil சாந்து (cāntu, “mortar, plaster; powder”). Compare to Javanese ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ (candu, “opium, tar”).

Noun

candu

1. a kind of unguent, a kind of dye.

Further reading

• "candu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Sassarese

Alternative forms

• cand' (apocopic, found before a vowel sound)

Etymology

From Latin quandō (“when”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkandu/

Adverb

candu

1. (interrogative) when

   Candu ischumenza l'ippittàcuru? ― When does the show start?

   • 1866 [1770s], Antonio Martini, chapter XXIV, in Giovanni Spano, transl., L'ebagneliu sigundu S. Matteju‎^[1], London, translation of Il santo Vangelo di Gesù Cristo secondo Matteo (in Italian), verse 3, page 96:

     Dizzi, candu hani a accadì chilti cosi?

     [Dizzi, candu hani a accadì chisthi cosi?]

     Tell us, when will these things happen?

Conjunction

candu

1. when

   Veni candu voi ― Come whenever you want (literally, “Come when you want”)

   • 1863, chapter VIII, in Giovanni Spano, transl., Lu càntiggu de li càntigghi di Salamoni‎^[2] (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), London, translation of Canticum canticorum, verse 10, page 19:

     Eju lu muru: e li me’ titti cumenti una torra, finza da candu denanz’a eddu sogg’eju comu chidda, ch’ha incuntraddu la pazi.

     [Éiu lu muru: e li me’ titti cumenti una torra, finza da candu denanz’a eddu sogg’éiu comu chidda, ch’ha incuntraddu la pazi.]

     I [am] a wall, and my breasts as towers, since when in front of him I am as one who has found peace.

   • 1956, Salvator Ruju, “Pascha d’amòri”, in Agnireddu e Rusina; republished as Caterina Ruju, editor, Sassari véccia e nóba, Nuoro: Ilisso edizioni, 2001, →ISBN, page 75:

     Lassa i la pruzissïoni
     a mamma tóia arrasendi.
     Candu lu Cristhu è passendi
     cresci la mé passïoni.

     Leave your mother praying in the procession. When Christ passes, my passion grows.

   • 1989 [1934], Giovanni Maria Cherchi, Paràuri, adaptation of Parole by Umberto Saba; collected in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, 1989, page 11:

     S’isciogliaristhia i lu matessi tempu
     lu muntoni trimendu di l’ammenti
     cument’e nèbi candu v’è lu sòri.

     [original: […] Insieme
     delle memorie spaventose il cumulo
     si scioglierebbe, come neve al sole.]

     At the same time, the dreadful heap of memories would melt like snow when the sun is there.

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes