beugen

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbøː.ɣə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: beu‧gen
  • Rhymes: -øːɣən

Etymology 1

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From beug +‎ -en.

Verb

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beugen

  1. (intransitive) to fish with a longline
Conjugation
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Conjugation of beugen (weak)
infinitive beugen
past singular beugde
past participle gebeugd
infinitive beugen
gerund beugen n
present tense past tense
1st person singular beug beugde
2nd person sing. (jij) beugt, beug2 beugde
2nd person sing. (u) beugt beugde
2nd person sing. (gij) beugt beugde
3rd person singular beugt beugde
plural beugen beugden
subjunctive sing.1 beuge beugde
subjunctive plur.1 beugen beugden
imperative sing. beug
imperative plur.1 beugt
participles beugend gebeugd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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beugen

  1. plural of beug

German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German böugen, from Old High German bougen, from Proto-Germanic *baugijaną. In early modern German, almost fully merged with related biegen, which used to have the strong 2nd and 3rd persons singular du beugst, er beugt (compare similar archaic forms like du fleugst from fliegen). The later grammarians tried to distinguish the verbs again, though often in ways different from the (still vague) distinction that has now established itself.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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beugen (weak, third-person singular present beugt, past tense beugte, past participle gebeugt, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to bend something, to bow something
    das Knie beugento bend one’s knee
    das Recht beugento bend the law
  2. (reflexive) to bend; to bend over; to bow
    Er beugt sich, um durch die Luke zu passen.
    He bends over to pass through the hatch.
  3. (reflexive, figurative) to give in to; to cease to resist or disagree with [with dative ‘someone’]
    Er musste sich der Mehrheit beugen.
    He had to give in to the majority.
  4. (transitive, grammar) to inflect; to decline, conjugate, etc.
    Fast alle deutschen Maskulina auf -e werden schwach gebeugt.
    Virtually all German masculines in -e are inflected according to the weak declension.

Usage notes

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  • The normal word for “to bend something” is biegen. Beugen is often used instead with body parts and in figurative senses.
  • Reflexively, sich beugen is used of people meaning a slight bending of the body (see the example above). Sich biegen will only be used for more unusual ways of bending like those of a contortionist. With things, conversely, sich beugen is rare; it then typically means a slight bending due to weight / gravity.
  • Sich beugen can also mean “to bow out of respect” and “to stoop down”, but the former is more commonly sich verbeugen, and the latter sich bücken.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • beugen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • beugen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • beugen” in Duden online
  • beugen” in OpenThesaurus.de