bꜥḥj

Egyptian

FWOTD – 25 October 2020

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈbiʕħit/ → /ˈbiʕħiʔ/ → /ˈbeʕħa/ → /ˈβeʕħə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈbiʕħit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈbiʕħiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈbeʕħa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈβeʕħə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /bɑːhi/
  • Conventional anglicization: bahi

Verb

 4ae inf.

1. (intransitive, of liquids and rays of light) to flow
2. (transitive, intransitive) to inundate or be inundated, to flood
3. (transitive, intransitive) to flood with light
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 12–13:

     ḫꜥ ḥr nst nt (j)t.f mj rꜥ wbn.f m ꜣḫt rdj.f šsp n ḥr(j) kkw sḥḏ.n.f šw m šwtj.fj bꜥḥ.n.f tꜣwj mj jṯn m tp-dwꜣyt

     One shining forth on the throne of his father like Ra when he rises in the Akhet, he gave light to what was covered by darkness, having brightened the air with his two plumes, having flooded the Two Lands (Egypt) like the sun disk at the break of dawn.

4. (intransitive, of food) to be present in abundance, to overflow
5. (intransitive, of people, places, containers, etc.) to have abundance

Inflection

Conjugation of bꜥḥj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: bꜥḥ, geminated stem: bꜥḥḥ

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural bꜥḥ bꜥḥw, bꜥḥyw, bꜥḥ bꜥḥt, bꜥḥwt, bꜥḥyt bꜥḥ bꜥḥ, bꜥḥy ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 bꜥḥ8 ḥr bꜥḥ m bꜥḥ r bꜥḥ suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect bꜥḥ.n bꜥḥw, bꜥḥ, bꜥḥy consecutive bꜥḥ.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative bꜥḥt perfective3 bꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 bꜥḥ.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective bꜥḥ, bꜥḥy active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 bꜥḥw, bꜥḥ, bꜥḥy bꜥḥḥ potentialis1 bꜥḥ.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive bꜥḥ, bꜥḥy active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect bꜥḥ.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective bꜥḥw1, bꜥḥy, bꜥḥ active + .tj1, .tw2 bꜥḥ bꜥḥy, bꜥḥ imperfective bꜥḥḥ, bꜥḥḥy, bꜥḥḥw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 bꜥḥḥ, bꜥḥḥj6, bꜥḥḥy6 bꜥḥḥ, bꜥḥḥw5 prospective bꜥḥw1, bꜥḥy, bꜥḥ, bꜥḥtj7 — bꜥḥwtj1 4, bꜥḥtj4, bꜥḥt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of bꜥḥj  

bꜥḥj	bꜥḥj

Derived terms

• bꜥḥw

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 448.11–449.25
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 81