bšj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /bɛʃi/
  • Conventional anglicization: beshi

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to spit
2. (intransitive) to vomit
3. (intransitive, of the Nile and inundation) to gush [Greco-Roman Period]
4. (transitive) to spit out, to spew forth
5. (transitive, of the sources of the Nile) to gush forth (water) [Greco-Roman Period]
6. (transitive, figuratively, of fields) to gush with (verdure, plants) [Greco-Roman Period]
7. (transitive, figuratively, of the heart) to reveal, to betray (one’s thoughts) [Middle Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of bšj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: bš, geminated stem: bšš

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
bšt, bšj	bšw, bš	bšt, bšwt, bšyt	bš	bš, bšy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
bš8, bšš8	ḥr bšt, ḥr bšj	m bšt, m bšj	r bšt, r bšj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	bš.n	bšw, bš, bšy	consecutive	bš.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	bšt, bšyt
perfective3	bš	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	bš.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	bš, bšy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	bšw, bš, bšy	bšw, bš, bšy	potentialis1	bš.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	bš, bšy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	bš.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	bšw1, bšy, bš	active + .tj1, .tw2	bš	bšy, bš
imperfective	bšš, bššy, bššw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	bšš, bššj6, bššy6	bšš, bššw5
prospective	bšw1, bšy, bš, bštj7	—	bšwtj1 4, bštj4, bšt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of bšj  

bšj	bšj	bšj	bšj	bꜣšj
[Pyramid Texts]	[Pyramid Texts]	[Late Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]
		in hieratic

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 477.14–478.4
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 85