andula

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-andula^?

(intransitive) to start cultivating

Inflection

Tone unknown
Infinitive	ukwandula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukwandula	ukunganduli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yandula	-andule
Plural	yandulani	-anduleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyandula, ngandula	engandulayo, engandula	ngandula	anganduli	enginganduli	nginganduli
2nd singular	uyandula, wandula	owandulayo, owandula	wandula	awanduli	onganduli	unganduli
1st plural	siyandula, sandula	esandulayo, esandula	sandula	asanduli	esinganduli	singanduli
2nd plural	niyandula, nandula	enandulayo, enandula	nandula	ananduli	eninganduli	ninganduli
Class 1	uyandula, wandula	owandulayo, owandula	andula	akanduli	onganduli	enganduli
Class 2	bayandula, bandula	abandulayo, abandula	bandula	abanduli	abanganduli	benganduli
Class 3	uyandula, wandula	owandulayo, owandula	wandula	awanduli	onganduli	unganduli
Class 4	iyandula, yandula	eyandulayo, eyandula	yandula	ayanduli	enganduli	inganduli
Class 5	liyandula, landula	elandulayo, elandula	landula	alanduli	elinganduli	linganduli
Class 6	ayandula, andula	andulayo, andula	andula	awanduli	anganduli	enganduli
Class 7	siyandula, sandula	esandulayo, esandula	sandula	asanduli	esinganduli	singanduli
Class 8	ziyandula, zandula	ezandulayo, ezandula	zandula	azanduli	ezinganduli	zinganduli
Class 9	iyandula, yandula	eyandulayo, eyandula	yandula	ayanduli	enganduli	inganduli
Class 10	ziyandula, zandula	ezandulayo, ezandula	zandula	azanduli	ezinganduli	zinganduli
Class 11	luyandula, lwandula	olwandulayo, olwandula	lwandula	alwanduli	olunganduli	lunganduli
Class 14	buyandula, bandula	obandulayo, obandula	bandula	abanduli	obunganduli	bunganduli
Class 15	kuyandula, kwandula	okwandulayo, okwandula	kwandula	akwanduli	okunganduli	kunganduli
Class 17	kuyandula, kwandula	okwandulayo, okwandula	kwandula	akwanduli	okunganduli	kunganduli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngandulile, ngandulē	engandulile, engandulē	ngandulile, ngandulē	angandulanga	engingandulanga	ngingandulanga
2nd singular	wandulile, wandulē	owandulile, owandulē	wandulile, wandulē	awandulanga	ongandulanga	ungandulanga
1st plural	sandulile, sandulē	esandulile, esandulē	sandulile, sandulē	asandulanga	esingandulanga	singandulanga
2nd plural	nandulile, nandulē	enandulile, enandulē	nandulile, nandulē	anandulanga	eningandulanga	ningandulanga
Class 1	wandulile, wandulē	owandulile, owandulē	andulile, andulē	akandulanga	ongandulanga	engandulanga
Class 2	bandulile, bandulē	abandulile, abandulē	bandulile, bandulē	abandulanga	abangandulanga	bengandulanga
Class 3	wandulile, wandulē	owandulile, owandulē	wandulile, wandulē	awandulanga	ongandulanga	ungandulanga
Class 4	yandulile, yandulē	eyandulile, eyandulē	yandulile, yandulē	ayandulanga	engandulanga	ingandulanga
Class 5	landulile, landulē	elandulile, elandulē	landulile, landulē	alandulanga	elingandulanga	lingandulanga
Class 6	andulile, andulē	andulile, andulē	andulile, andulē	awandulanga	angandulanga	engandulanga
Class 7	sandulile, sandulē	esandulile, esandulē	sandulile, sandulē	asandulanga	esingandulanga	singandulanga
Class 8	zandulile, zandulē	ezandulile, ezandulē	zandulile, zandulē	azandulanga	ezingandulanga	zingandulanga
Class 9	yandulile, yandulē	eyandulile, eyandulē	yandulile, yandulē	ayandulanga	engandulanga	ingandulanga
Class 10	zandulile, zandulē	ezandulile, ezandulē	zandulile, zandulē	azandulanga	ezingandulanga	zingandulanga
Class 11	lwandulile, lwandulē	olwandulile, olwandulē	lwandulile, lwandulē	alwandulanga	olungandulanga	lungandulanga
Class 14	bandulile, bandulē	obandulile, obandulē	bandulile, bandulē	abandulanga	obungandulanga	bungandulanga
Class 15	kwandulile, kwandulē	okwandulile, okwandulē	kwandulile, kwandulē	akwandulanga	okungandulanga	kungandulanga
Class 17	kwandulile, kwandulē	okwandulile, okwandulē	kwandulile, kwandulē	akwandulanga	okungandulanga	kungandulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāndula	engāndula	ngāndula	angandulanga	engingandulanga	ngingandulanga
2nd singular	wāndula	owāndula	wāndula	awandulanga	ongandulanga	ungandulanga
1st plural	sāndula	esāndula	sāndula	asandulanga	esingandulanga	singandulanga
2nd plural	nāndula	enāndula	nāndula	anandulanga	eningandulanga	ningandulanga
Class 1	wāndula	owāndula	āndula	akandulanga	ongandulanga	engandulanga
Class 2	bāndula	abāndula	bāndula	abandulanga	abangandulanga	bengandulanga
Class 3	wāndula	owāndula	wāndula	awandulanga	ongandulanga	ungandulanga
Class 4	yāndula	eyāndula	yāndula	ayandulanga	engandulanga	ingandulanga
Class 5	lāndula	elāndula	lāndula	alandulanga	elingandulanga	lingandulanga
Class 6	āndula	āndula	āndula	awandulanga	angandulanga	engandulanga
Class 7	sāndula	esāndula	sāndula	asandulanga	esingandulanga	singandulanga
Class 8	zāndula	ezāndula	zāndula	azandulanga	ezingandulanga	zingandulanga
Class 9	yāndula	eyāndula	yāndula	ayandulanga	engandulanga	ingandulanga
Class 10	zāndula	ezāndula	zāndula	azandulanga	ezingandulanga	zingandulanga
Class 11	lwāndula	olwāndula	lwāndula	alwandulanga	olungandulanga	lungandulanga
Class 14	bāndula	obāndula	bāndula	abandulanga	obungandulanga	bungandulanga
Class 15	kwāndula	okwāndula	kwāndula	akwandulanga	okungandulanga	kungandulanga
Class 17	kwāndula	okwāndula	kwāndula	akwandulanga	okungandulanga	kungandulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingandula	—	ngingandula	ngingandule	—	ngingandule
2nd singular	ungandula	—	ungandula	ungandule	—	ungandule
1st plural	singandula	—	singandula	singandule	—	singandule
2nd plural	ningandula	—	ningandula	ningandule	—	ningandule
Class 1	angandula	—	engandula	angandule	—	engandule
Class 2	bangandula	—	bengandula	bangandule	—	bengandule
Class 3	ungandula	—	ungandula	ungandule	—	ungandule
Class 4	ingandula	—	ingandula	ingandule	—	ingandule
Class 5	lingandula	—	lingandula	lingandule	—	lingandule
Class 6	angandula	—	engandula	angandule	—	engandule
Class 7	singandula	—	singandula	singandule	—	singandule
Class 8	zingandula	—	zingandula	zingandule	—	zingandule
Class 9	ingandula	—	ingandula	ingandule	—	ingandule
Class 10	zingandula	—	zingandula	zingandule	—	zingandule
Class 11	lungandula	—	lungandula	lungandule	—	lungandule
Class 14	bungandula	—	bungandula	bungandule	—	bungandule
Class 15	kungandula	—	kungandula	kungandule	—	kungandule
Class 17	kungandula	—	kungandula	kungandule	—	kungandule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokwandula	engizokwandula	ngizokwandula	angizukwandula	engingezukwandula	ngingezukwandula
2nd singular	uzokwandula	ozokwandula	uzokwandula	awuzukwandula	ongezukwandula	ungezukwandula
1st plural	sizokwandula	esizokwandula	sizokwandula	asizukwandula	esingezukwandula	singezukwandula
2nd plural	nizokwandula	enizokwandula	nizokwandula	anizukwandula	eningezukwandula	ningezukwandula
Class 1	uzokwandula	ozokwandula	ezokwandula	akazukwandula	ongezukwandula	engezukwandula
Class 2	bazokwandula	abazokwandula	bezokwandula	abazukwandula	abangezukwandula	bengezukwandula
Class 3	uzokwandula	ozokwandula	uzokwandula	awuzukwandula	ongezukwandula	ungezukwandula
Class 4	izokwandula	ezokwandula	izokwandula	ayizukwandula	engezukwandula	ingezukwandula
Class 5	lizokwandula	elizokwandula	lizokwandula	alizukwandula	elingezukwandula	lingezukwandula
Class 6	azokwandula	azokwandula	ezokwandula	awazukwandula	angezukwandula	engezukwandula
Class 7	sizokwandula	esizokwandula	sizokwandula	asizukwandula	esingezukwandula	singezukwandula
Class 8	zizokwandula	ezizokwandula	zizokwandula	azizukwandula	ezingezukwandula	zingezukwandula
Class 9	izokwandula	ezokwandula	izokwandula	ayizukwandula	engezukwandula	ingezukwandula
Class 10	zizokwandula	ezizokwandula	zizokwandula	azizukwandula	ezingezukwandula	zingezukwandula
Class 11	luzokwandula	oluzokwandula	luzokwandula	aluzukwandula	olungezukwandula	lungezukwandula
Class 14	buzokwandula	obuzokwandula	buzokwandula	abuzukwandula	obungezukwandula	bungezukwandula
Class 15	kuzokwandula	okuzokwandula	kuzokwandula	akuzukwandula	okungezukwandula	kungezukwandula
Class 17	kuzokwandula	okuzokwandula	kuzokwandula	akuzukwandula	okungezukwandula	kungezukwandula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokwandula	engiyokwandula	ngiyokwandula	angiyukwandula	engingeyukwandula	ngingeyukwandula
2nd singular	uyokwandula	oyokwandula	uyokwandula	awuyukwandula	ongeyukwandula	ungeyukwandula
1st plural	siyokwandula	esiyokwandula	siyokwandula	asiyukwandula	esingeyukwandula	singeyukwandula
2nd plural	niyokwandula	eniyokwandula	niyokwandula	aniyukwandula	eningeyukwandula	ningeyukwandula
Class 1	uyokwandula	oyokwandula	eyokwandula	akayukwandula	ongeyukwandula	engeyukwandula
Class 2	bayokwandula	abayokwandula	beyokwandula	abayukwandula	abangeyukwandula	bengeyukwandula
Class 3	uyokwandula	oyokwandula	uyokwandula	awuyukwandula	ongeyukwandula	ungeyukwandula
Class 4	iyokwandula	eyokwandula	iyokwandula	ayiyukwandula	engeyukwandula	ingeyukwandula
Class 5	liyokwandula	eliyokwandula	liyokwandula	aliyukwandula	elingeyukwandula	lingeyukwandula
Class 6	ayokwandula	ayokwandula	eyokwandula	awayukwandula	angeyukwandula	engeyukwandula
Class 7	siyokwandula	esiyokwandula	siyokwandula	asiyukwandula	esingeyukwandula	singeyukwandula
Class 8	ziyokwandula	eziyokwandula	ziyokwandula	aziyukwandula	ezingeyukwandula	zingeyukwandula
Class 9	iyokwandula	eyokwandula	iyokwandula	ayiyukwandula	engeyukwandula	ingeyukwandula
Class 10	ziyokwandula	eziyokwandula	ziyokwandula	aziyukwandula	ezingeyukwandula	zingeyukwandula
Class 11	luyokwandula	oluyokwandula	luyokwandula	aluyukwandula	olungeyukwandula	lungeyukwandula
Class 14	buyokwandula	obuyokwandula	buyokwandula	abuyukwandula	obungeyukwandula	bungeyukwandula
Class 15	kuyokwandula	okuyokwandula	kuyokwandula	akuyukwandula	okungeyukwandula	kungeyukwandula
Class 17	kuyokwandula	okuyokwandula	kuyokwandula	akuyukwandula	okungeyukwandula	kungeyukwandula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngandule	nginganduli
2nd singular	wandule	unganduli
1st plural	sandule	singanduli
2nd plural	nandule	ninganduli
Class 1	andule	anganduli
Class 2	bandule	banganduli
Class 3	wandule	unganduli
Class 4	yandule	inganduli
Class 5	landule	linganduli
Class 6	andule	anganduli
Class 7	sandule	singanduli
Class 8	zandule	zinganduli
Class 9	yandule	inganduli
Class 10	zandule	zinganduli
Class 11	lwandule	lunganduli
Class 14	bandule	bunganduli
Class 15	kwandule	kunganduli
Class 17	kwandule	kunganduli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngandula	ngangandula, angandula, angangandula
2nd singular	wandula	wangandula, awandula, awangandula
1st plural	sandula	sangandula, asandula, asangandula
2nd plural	nandula	nangandula, anandula, anangandula
Class 1	wandula	wangandula, akandula, akangandula
Class 2	bandula	bangandula, abandula, abangandula
Class 3	wandula	wangandula, awandula, awangandula
Class 4	yandula	yangandula, ayandula, ayangandula
Class 5	landula	langandula, alandula, alangandula
Class 6	andula	angandula, awandula, awangandula
Class 7	sandula	sangandula, asandula, asangandula
Class 8	zandula	zangandula, azandula, azangandula
Class 9	yandula	yangandula, ayandula, ayangandula
Class 10	zandula	zangandula, azandula, azangandula
Class 11	lwandula	lwangandula, alwandula, alwangandula
Class 14	bandula	bangandula, abandula, abangandula
Class 15	kwandula	kwangandula, akwandula, akwangandula
Class 17	kwandula	kwangandula, akwandula, akwangandula

Derived terms

-andulela (applicative)
-andulisa (causative)
-andulwa (passive)
uMandulo

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “andula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “andula (3.2.9)”