anarchism
English
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈanəkɪz(ə)m/
- (General American) enPR: ʹănər'kĭzəm, IPA(key): /ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈæˌnɑɹˌkɪzəm/
Noun
[edit]anarchism (usually uncountable, plural anarchisms)
- A political and philosophical belief that all forms of government are undesirable, unnecessary, or unethical, and as such that society would function without a state.
- 1900, Paul Eltzbacher, Der Anarchismus, page 267; English translation from Steven T. Buyington, transl., Anarchism, translation of original in German, 1908, page 298:
- Anarchism is the negation of the State in the philosophy of law: that is, it is that species of jurisprudential doctrine of the State which negates the State.
- [original: Der Anarchismus ist die rechtsphilosophische Verneinung des Staates, das heisst diejenige Art der rechtsphilotopbischen Staatslehren, welche den Staat verneint.]
- (by extension) A political and philosophical belief that proposes the establishment of a stateless society as well as the abolition of authority and hierarchy in most or all forms.
- 2014, Morgan Rodgers Gibson, “Anarchism, Violence and Social Transformation”, in The Australian Political Studies Association Annual Conference, University of Sydney Paper:
- Opposed as it is to authority and hierarchy, anarchism is typically associated with chaos and disorder, and thus often connected with violence and terror. The means by which to achieve a nonhierarchical society animate debates within anarchism.
- 2021, Magda Egoumenides, “14. Anarchism and Political Obligation; An Introduction”, in Gary Chartier & Chad Van Schoelandt, editors, The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought, page 207:
- Anarchism is skepticism toward authority. Its unifying position is that not all forms of authority are justified, and we should refrain from any acceptance of them prior to their satisfactory justification. One form of authority that anarchists consider unjustified is the political authority of the state.
- (rare) The state of a society being without authorities or an authoritative governing body.
- Synonym: anarchy
- 1980 [1971], Édith Thomas, translated by Penelope Williams, Louise Michel, translation of Louise Michel, ou la Velléda de l'anarchie (in French), page 13:
- By now the evils of the governments born of twentieth-century revolutions have been documented. And so anarchism – the absence of government, the direct administration by people pf their own lives – is still intact as an ideal, for it has never been tried.
Derived terms
[edit]Names of anarchist schools containing the word "anarchism"
- anarchism without adjectives
- black anarchism
- capitalist anarchism
- collectivist anarchism
- communist anarchism
- crypto-anarchism
- egoist anarchism
- existentialist anarchism
- green anarchism
- individualist anarchism
- insurrectionary anarchism
- left anarchism
- left-wing anarchism
- national-anarchism
- naturist anarchism
- philosophical anarchism
- post-anarchism
- postcolonial anarchism
- private property anarchism
- queer anarchism
- right anarchism
- social anarchism
- synthesis anarchism
- veganarchism
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]belief that proposes the absence and abolition of government in all forms
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Further reading
[edit]- "anarchism" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 37.